Access To Knowledge Research Articles

Real-Time Information Access in Urban Environments: A User Interaction Study Using the Real-Time Information Test

In this study, "Real-Time Information Access in Urban Environments: A User Interaction Study Using the Real-Time Information Test," participant data revealed a diverse group with an average age of 31, a balanced gender distribution, varying education levels (40% Bachelor's, 20% Master's, 40% PhD), and an average of 6 years of experience with urban navigation. The findings of the Real-Time Information Test (RTIT) showed an average job completion time of 140 seconds and a low average error count of 1.2, demonstrating competency in interacting with real-time information systems. Furthermore, the User Satisfaction Survey found an average of 8.4 overall satisfaction ratings, 8.4 user-friendliness ratings, and 7.8 information accuracy ratings, indicating excellent user experiences. These results highlight user variety, increases in job efficiency and accuracy, and high user satisfaction, all of which contribute to a comprehensive knowledge of real-time information access in urban contexts, with implications for system advancements and urban planning.

Ethno medicine of Indigenous Communities: Tamil Traditional Medicinal Plants Leaf detection using Deep Learning Models

In indigenous communities, ethno medicine has played a prominent role in healing for centuries and provides valuable insight into the use of traditional medicinal plants. Using local plant leaves as therapeutic agents, this research explores the importance of traditional Tamil medicine. Traditional healers and practitioners can benefit from technological advances and collaborate with modern healthcare systems through these advances. Based on deep learning models, a novel approach for recognizing leaves of traditional Tamil medicinal plants is presented. Pharmaceutical companies are increasingly paying attention to plants that contain medicinal factors that have fewer side effects during treatment. By identifying plants with medicinal factors and identifying their medicinal uses, this work addresses the identification of plants with medicinal factors. To classify medicinal plants and their uses, we will use deep learning models and image processing techniques to identify Tamil Traditional Medical Plant (TTMP). The input dataset for this work includes 18 different traditional Tamil plant leaves such as Azadirachta Indica (Neem), Ocimum Tenuiflorum (Tulsi) and Trigonella Foenum-graecum (Fenugreek). Pre-processing steps are performed on the input plant image, including RBZR Augmentation, noise removal and grayscale conversion, to detect the image area that is important for plant type identification. To identify the core area of the plant, this work using the HGAW Segmentation algorithm. Deep learning model is trained with segmented plants and their labels as inputs. The aim is to digitize and make accessible ancestral medical knowledge by incorporating deep learning-based leaf recognition with 96.71% accuracy for the proposed EEXR model.

Palliative care consultation in the last week of life and associated factors: a cross-sectional general population study.

Knowledge of access to palliative care services, such as palliative care consultation teams, is crucial to identify areas of improvement for policy and practice. Research on general populations spanning all disease groups and multiple healthcare contexts is needed. The objective was to investigate the sociodemographic, disease- and care-related, and care structure-related factors associated with palliative care consultations for adult patients in the last week of life. Cross-sectional, general population-level study based on linked Swedish national public authority registers and a national palliative care quality register. The study population included all adult patients deceased in Sweden between 2013 and 2019 and registered in the Swedish Register of Palliative Care, with an anticipated death, and not enrolled in specialised palliative care. Multivariable logistic regression analyses to investigate association with palliative care consultations. In total, 8.2% of the 265,129 participants had received a palliative care consultation in the last week of life. The main multivariable analysis (Model 1) showed that those dying from neoplasms were more likely to receive a palliative care consultation (odds ratio (OR) 8.55, 95% CI 8.15-8.98) than those dying from circulatory diseases. Palliative care consultation was more likely with an increasing number of symptoms (OR 1.35, CI 1.32-1.37). Patients of old age and patients deceased in hospitals were less likely to receive a palliative care consultation. Moreover, factors such as educational attainment, healthcare region, living in a single-person household, and year of death were also associated with a palliative care consultation in the last week of life. Our findings show inequities in access to palliative care consultations in the last week of life. Considering changes to policy and clinical practice is motivated.

To Access Knowledge Regarding Organ Donation among Healthcare Workers and Their Willingness toward Organ Donation.

In India, critical shortage of organ donations, particularly deceased donations, has led to a dire situation in India, with thousands of patients waiting for transplants and a significant number of them succumbing. One of the reasons for the shortage of organs for transplantation is unawareness and prejudiced information about organ donation. Being direct or indirect stakeholders, the knowledge regarding organ donation among healthcare workers may play an important role in the donation process. To assess the knowledge regarding cadaver organ donation among healthcare workers and their willingness toward organ donation. It is a cross-sectional offline self-administered questionnaire-based survey conducted among healthcare professionals at tertiary care teaching institutes. Survey was carried out between the months of August to December 2019. A structured questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and willingness toward organ donation. Statistical analyzed was done by using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 20.0. All p-values were considered significant at <0.05. A total of 1,039 healthcare professionals participated in the survey. Out of them, 362 (34.8%) were males and 675 (65%) were females. Average age of the healthcare workers participating in survey was 30.81 years, and age ranged from 18 to 60 years. Awareness regarding corneal donation after brain death was found to be maximum (89.7%) and was comparable to that of kidney (86.6%) and heart (83.7%). Participants were unlearned of donation of lungs, pancreas, hands and unaware of heart valve donation. About 45% respondents considered that age affected the donors. About 40% respondents considered younger patients as ideal recipients, while 18.7% respondents considered waiting list patients as ideal recipients. Doctors had highest willingness (78. 3%) for organ donation, followed by nurses (69.9%) and support staff (59.3%) (p < 0.001). Only 119 (11.5%) participants received organ donation cards as against 68.7% willingness toward organ donation (p < 0.01). We have observed fair awareness regarding overall cadaver organ donation concept among healthcare workers. There is a need to improve knowledge of extended age criteria and which organs can be retrieved from deceased donor. Authorities have to work hard on delivery of organ donation pledging card to promote donation program.

OrthoTV: Broadcasting Orthopedics around the World.

OrthoTV has emerged as a pioneering platform in the field of orthopedic education, leveraging technology to create a comprehensive and accessible knowledge repository. Originating from the vision of the Indian Orthopedic Research Group in 2013, OrthoTV has evolved into a global educational hub, streaming thousands of hours of surgical videos, webinars, and podcasts. It provides a dynamic learning environment through live interactive sessions, fostering real-time engagement with experts and facilitating a global exchange of knowledge. OrthoTV's expansion during the COVID-19 pandemic underscored its vital role in continuing medical education amidst travel restrictions. The platform extends beyond educational resources to include career support, collaborative research initiatives, and even virtual fellowships, embodying a multifaceted approach to professional development. With the introduction of OrthoAI, OrthoTV integrates advanced artificial intelligence to offer personalized, evidence-based responses to queries, setting a new standard in digital medical education. This narrative review highlights OrthoTV's foundational principles, its significant impact on orthopedic education and practice, and its commitment to democratizing knowledge across the globe. OrthoTV's innovative use of technology bridges geographical barriers enriches learning experiences, and fosters a vibrant community of orthopedic professionals, marking a significant advance in the field of medical education.

Home medical care and Home health care system and roles of the public health care in Korea

In the face of rapid aging in Korea, the demand for appropriate medical services for the elderly at home is increasing. This study investigates the current status of home medical care and Home health care in Korea based on the concept of Home-based primary care, and proposes strategies to implement home-care in public health centers and public hospitals that play a major role in the field of public health care.First of all, by presenting a conceptual framework for the current status of Korea’s home medical care and Home health care provision system, and described according to three financial resources: National Health Insurance(NHI), Long-Term Care Insurance(LTCI), and public health care. At the current level, the home health care systems are fragmented and they should be redesigned to improve the home care services.In order to implement home care in public health care institutions, a model centered on public health centers and public hospitals is proposed. Public health centers have various advantages, responsibility positions, and access to information, but they have working conditions and difficulties in providing incentives, and medical and nursing limitations. Public hospitals can provide a variety of services, but community access and insufficient knowledge are pointed out as disadvantages. Therefore, it is important to establish a cooperative system between the two institutions.Finally, we proposes the division and cooperation between public health centers and private medical institutions according to the level of service. Private medical institutions could be in charge of active treatment, medical services and skilled nursing cares. public health centers could perform monitoring and follow-up the patients. it is necessary to establish a coordinating system to cooperate the two parts of institutions.

Penguatan Kapasitas Pemahaman Hak Akses dan Pemantauan Akses Internet Melalui Pelatihan Berbasis Komunitas Desa di Kabupaten Cirebon

The development of infrastructure in Indonesia which targets rural connectivity in 3T areas (Disadvantaged, Outermost, Foremost) means that village communities must prepare themselves. Especially in ensuring the fulfillment of digital rights. There are three digital rights, namely the right to access the Internet (right to access), the right to express online (right to express), and the right to feel safe in the digital realm (right on safety). For this reason, training to increase understanding of Internet access rights as well as training to monitor access based on rural communities is important. Village community-based capacity building training was carried out for representatives of villages, namely Kalikoa, Purbawinangun, Sutawinangun, Astanajapura, Munjul, Buntet and Ciperna villages. This training has the impact of increasing the capacity of the village community in knowledge and understanding of Internet access, and increasing the technical capacity for monitoring and reporting skills through existing tools. The results of the training showed good learning and increased capacity. This is shown by (1) increasing understanding through the pretest and posttest. Internet Knowledge becomes Very Knowledgeable (35.7%) and Knowledgeable (64.3%). Disagree (78.6%) with Internet disruptions and blackouts, and have the right to protest when digital rights violations occur (85.7%). (2) The results of the discussion metaplan show the problem mapping and alternatives developed; and (3) the practice of testing internet networks, both during training and after training, shows that the community can monitor and carry out independent testing.

Образи повсякденності в окупації (на прикладі Південної України)

The article analyzes life in the occupation of the population of Southern Ukraine from the standpoint of sociology of everyday life. The author examines everyday reality by integrating the theoretical approaches of A. Schütz, T. Berger and P. Lukman, as well as the ethnomethodology of H. Garfinkel. At the centre of the researcher’s attention are the problems of social divisions in the de-occupied territories of Southern Ukraine. Based on empirical data obtained in conducting in-depth interviews with residents of the liberated districts of the Kherson region, the researcher characterizes the images of everyday life through which people perceive the beginning of the large-scale Russian invasion, life under occupation and the return of the Ukrainian army. It is noted that with the arrival of the enemy, the surrounding world turns from a close and understandable one into a foreign and dangerous one, the available everyday knowledge loses its relevance, the disruption of the usual way of life is characterized by a powerful emotional outburst and the collapse of social activity. The construction of strategies for survival under new conditions and the creation of accessible knowledge of military times begins. The new subjective reality is perceived through visual and acoustic images – explosions, the roar of military equipment, foreigners in green camouflage, the alarming barking of dogs, constant and all-encompassing fear. At the same time, there is a narrowing of social space (a tightly closed gate), violations by the occupiers of the boundaries of public and private (searches day and night), the return of archaic social practices (extortion on the roads), the emergence of new forms of social adaptation (the “two mobile” rule), powerful mechanisms are at work in the economic robbery of seized lands (“scissor prices” for local agricultural products and imported goods). The key characteristic of the post-occupation picture of the life world is the awareness that the war will continue for a long time and it is time to build one’s life in a new way. At the same time, it is noted that the inability of the authorities to bring numerous collaborators to justice harms the stabilization of the situation in the region.

AI v copyright: how could public interest theory shift the discourse?

Abstract To achieve a balance between rightsholders and the public in the age of generative AI (GenAI), it is necessary to redefine the concept of public interest in copyright law. This equilibrium is critical because it guarantees that rightsholders are rewarded for their work while also allowing for the dissemination and access of knowledge along with cultural expression. Additionally, redefining the concept of public interest in copyright could address emerging issues such as fair use, open access and the democratization of information in the digital age. The article examines how public interest in copyright would look in the development of GenAI by using Virginia Held’s typology of public interest theory as the sole compass to address the question. The article finds that public interest in copyright could be adjusted to protect rightsholders, sustain cultural production and simultaneously accommodate the development of GenAI by first balancing the preponderance of individual interest or being supported by the preponderance of numbers and empirical terms; second, by making it consistent with individuals’ overall interests and being agreed upon by the polity; and third, by judging the public interest in copyright on ‘valid judgment’ and normative content, where the judgment is based. While different typologies may be used to conceptualize public interest, the article suggests that it is important to explicitly identify what copyright law seeks to achieve and to balance the rights of creators with the public’s interest in accessing creative works. This could be achieved through evidence-based analysis, agreement among individuals without conflicts and normative content based on the morality of society.

THE PRESERVATION OF HISTORICAL MEMORY IN THE DIGITAL AGE: CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES AND INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING AND RESEARCH

This article addresses the importance of preserving historical memory in the digital age, highlighting challenges, opportunities and the use of interactive technologies in teaching and research. It discusses the ephemerality of digital media and the need for preservation strategies, such as format migration, metadata maintenance, and backup practices. The risks of loss and obsolescence of digital formats are addressed, underscoring the importance of constantly monitoring formats and adopting open standards. Legal and ethical issues related to digital preservation are examined, emphasizing respect for copyright, protection of privacy, and promotion of democratic access to historical knowledge. Global access and democratization of historical knowledge through online platforms, digital repositories and virtual libraries are also highlighted. Collaboration and information sharing between researchers and institutions are considered essential for the preservation and dissemination of historical knowledge. It presents the use of digital tools, virtual reality, games and virtual platforms in historical education, highlighting their ability to create immersive experiences for students. Big data analysis and historical data mining are explored as promising approaches to understanding historical patterns and trends. Thebenefits of data visualization and historical mapping in understanding and analyzing past events are discussed. Digital tools for the analysis of primary sources and the construction of historical narratives are presented. KEYWORDS: Media; Technology and History; Research; Memory and Teaching.

Մանկապաանեկան ընթերցանության խթանման գործում միջազգային համագործակցության դերակատարությունը

Library services to children and youth are essential in the development and maintenance of democratic society, offering them wide ac-cess and diversity of knowledge and self-education. However, it should be noted that one of the main problems of modern society is the development of reading and literacy of children and adolescents, and the mission of children's libraries is to contribute to the promotion of reading among children and adolescents using all available resources: exchange of international experience, cooperation with international organizations of the library sector and foreign specialists. Because it is necessary to form the habit of reading from the early age of the child. Library events are very important, which should be aimed at the promotion of children's book loving and reading, popularization of books and literature. Effective and professional management of children's libraries requires trained and committed librarians who will design, organize, implement library programs and services for the provision of extracurricular education and multifaceted development of children. We can state that Khnko Aper National Children's Library regularly participated and participates in international children's book fairs, conferences, seminars and other programs in order to develop children's and youth reading and exchange experience, cooperating with international partners to the maximum and designing programs that contribute to the promotion of children's and youth reading.

Shifts in Endogamy Tradition within Arab-Indonesian Populations: A Study on an Alawiyyin Family in Bekasi, West Java

Ethnicity-based endogamous marriage is often related to the cultures of Arab descent in Indonesia. These past decades, sociocultural changes affected several cultures across Indonesia, mainly due to the rapid growth of information access and scientific knowledge. These changes also occurred within the Arab-descent communities in Indonesia, including changes in value and practice in their marriage tradition. This ethnographic research attempted to reexplore, redefine, and reinterpret the current perspectives of endogamous marriage through the minds of an Alawiyyin family in Bekasi, West Java. The informants mentioned that endogamous marriage was deemed irrelevant since 30-40 years ago, and what was once the norm changed into a simple preference. This change happened because of the elders’ and family patriarchs’ open-mindedness, and thus, nurtured a more welcoming attitude toward non-Arabs and non-Alawiyyins. They also realized that forced endogamy oftentimes caused feelings of solitude and discomfort to those affected. To prevent such discrimination from happening again, the informants mentioned that they grant more freedom to their offspring to select their own life partner, even though parental approval is still important to the couple’s marriage.

Going Open Access: The Attitudes and Actions of Scientific Journal Editors in China

This study aims to investigate the attitudes and actions of scientific journal editors in China towards open access. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 Chinese editors from various scientific journals during September and October of 2022. The results indicate that the editors generally possess knowledge of open access and have implemented an appropriate open access model for their respective journals. However, the Chinese-language journal editors expressed a lack of motivation to adopt open access, unless there is a reform in the mechanism of academic publishing or a policy is imposed. On the other hand, the English-language journal editors acknowledged that they have no other choice but to adopt open access. This study helps us learn about Chinese editors’ understanding and attitudes towards open access, the current status of open access in China’s scientific journals, and the mechanisms of academic publishing in China.

Evaluating the access to Common Service Centres for banking services from the perspective of rural women entrepreneur

The present research investigates the potential for women’s economic involvement to bring about transformational outcomes, specifically focusing on developing countries. This study explores how women’s engagement in economic activities might effectively address poverty and promote gender equality. This study examines the emerging landscape of internet enterprises, providing a crucial opportunity for women who face limitations due to household and societal factors. This study adopts a scholarly perspective by examining the implementation of Common Service Centres (CSCs) by the Indian government. It employs a comprehensive research approach that integrates qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The primary objective is to analyze the usage of government programs, specifically focusing on the engagement of rural women entrepreneurs with CSCs and internet connectivity. The results derived from a comprehensive examination of secondary data and surveys conducted among CSCs and small women-owned offline firms in Chhattisgarh highlight the significant impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on the dissemination of information. The advent of ICT and the integration of CSCs in banking activities have ushered in profound changes in our economic landscape. Cost reduction and increased knowledge accessibility through technological advancements have been instrumental.

The turbulent future of expertise and training markets

PurposeTo explain how technology will replace a great deal of human labor in knowledge markets using a theory of reasoned action applied to demand and theories of procedural rationality, cost structure and system dynamics applied to supply.Design/methodology/approachTwo illustrative scenarios are presented. The first is a third-party Best Treatments site, and its effect on the expert advice pharmaceutical representatives provide doctors. The second scenario is an online higher education business course module with embedded AI.FindingsBoth scenarios demonstrate the advantages of online expertise and teaching platforms over the in-person alternative in variable and marginal cost, ease and convenience of use, quality conformance, scalability, knowledge reach and depth and most importantly, speed of evolutionary adaptability. Despite such overwhelming advantages, a number of reasons why the substitution might be slowed are presented, and some strategies firms might adopt are discussed. Opportunities for service scholars to confirm, challenge and extend the conclusions are presented throughout the paper.Originality/valueIncreasing cost structure and adaptability advantages of online technology and AI over in-person delivery of expertise and training services are demonstrated. It is also demonstrated that the innovation-imitation cycle is accelerating because of exogenous innovation in knowledge access and online influence networks and an endogenous effect where imitators accelerate their innovation that drives innovators to accelerate their innovation, which drives imitators to further accelerate their imitation.

Current e-learning trends in German and Austrian higher education institutes

The article delves into contemporary e-learning trends within the higher education landscape of Germany and Austria. It scrutinizes the adoption of electronic tools such as AI-driven online courses, virtual and augmented reality, and microlearning. These digital technologies are strategically employed in universities and polytechnic institutes to enhance educational quality and broaden knowledge accessibility. Particularly, the utilization of virtual and augmented reality technologies is prevalent, offering students immersive experiences with real-world scenarios and 3D models, thereby enhancing comprehension of intricate concepts. A pivotal aspect of e-learning implementation is the ability to tailor learning pathways to individual needs. E-learning transcends traditional educational paradigms, enabling students to pursue higher education from any location worldwide, catering to the needs of those studying abroad or concurrently working. Adaptive learning systems, underpinned by AI, facilitate the creation of personalized learning schemes, accommodating diverse learning styles and paces. The authors underscore the significance of these trends in augmenting education's accessibility and efficacy. The integration of contemporary technologies into the educational milieu is imperative for enhancing educational quality and broadening learning horizons within the modern educational landscape. Current trends underscore the evolution of e-learning towards greater flexibility, personalization, engagement, and interactivity, thereby democratizing access to education across diverse demographics and offering enhanced educational outcomes in the digital era. Incorporating modern technologies into educational practices emerges as a requisite element of contemporary education, presenting novel opportunities for students and educational institutions to advance and refine the educational experience.

Identifying Barriers and Facilitators to Veterans Affairs Whole Health Integration Using the Updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Veterans Affairs (VA) implemented the Veteran-centered Whole Health System initiative across VA sites with approaches to implementation varying by site. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we aimed to synthesize systemic barriers and facilitators to Veteran use with the initiative. Relevance to healthcare quality, systematic comparison of implementation procedures across a national healthcare system provides a comprehensive portrait of strengths and opportunities for improvement. Advanced fellows from 11 VA Quality Scholars sites performed the initial data collection, and the final report includes CFIR-organized results from six sites. Key innovation findings included cost, complexity, offerings, and accessibility. Inner setting barriers and facilitators included relational connections and communication, compatibility, structure and resources, learning centeredness, and information and knowledge access. Finally, results regarding individuals included innovation deliverers, implementation leaders and team, and individual capability, opportunity, and motivation to implement and deliver whole health care. Examination of barriers and facilitators suggest that Whole Health coaches are key components of implementation and help to facilitate communication, relationship building, and knowledge access for Veterans and VA employees. Continuous evaluation and improvement of implementation procedures at each site is also recommended.

Beyond Language and Culture: A Qualitative Exploration of Mental Health Barriers for Chinese International Students Seeking Therapy in the U.S.

This qualitative study explores the experiences and attitudes of Chinese international students in the U.S. towards psychotherapy, with an emphasis on identifying potential barriers and facilitators to their mental health treatment. Data were drawn from individual experiences of undergraduate and graduate Chinese international students who had engaged in therapy in the U.S. A grounded theory approach was employed to dissect these experiences and assess their attitudes towards psychotherapy. The grounded theory identified several themes from the students’ therapeutic experiences, such as: the inconsequential role of language barriers, the significant yet not prohibitive impact of cultural differences, the critical role of health insurance, the influence of therapists’ professional demeanor, and the correlation between mental health knowledge and attitudes towards therapy. Interestingly, the study also unveiled an emergent theme concerning professional boundaries within therapy. These findings suggest that while language and cultural differences might not be direct obstacles to therapy, factors such as therapists’ backgrounds and attitudes, insurance coverage, and accessibility can pose substantial challenges to Chinese international students seeking mental health treatment. Importantly, a heightened level of mental health knowledge was associated with more positive attitudes toward therapy. As a culmination of these findings, we formu- lated a triadic model emphasizing cultural understanding within the therapeutic setting, service accessibility, and mental health knowledge as key influences on the psychotherapy experiences of Chinese international students.

Does Lack of Knowledge and Hardship of Information Access Signify Powerful AI? A Large Language Model Perspective

Large Language Models (LLMs) are evolving and expanding enormously. With the consistent improvement of LLMs, more complex and sophisticated tasks will be tackled. Handling various tasks and fulfilling different queries will be more precise. Emerging LLMs in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) impact online digital content. An association between digital corpus scarcity and the improvement of LLMs is drawn. The impact it will bring to the field of LLMs is discussed. More powerful LLMs are insights to be there. Specifically, increase in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) LLMs release. More precise RLHF LLMs will endure development and alternative releases.

The offer of permanent health education courses offered by the technologies of virtual learning platforms in the training processes of health professionals in the pandemic period of COVID-19 in Brazil in 2020 and 2021

Permanent Health Education (PHE) was the front line in the pandemic, qualifying professionals through electronic devices and Information and Communication Technologies, reducing the pandemic's harm. This research aimed to describe which EPS actions offered by virtual learning platforms were produced during the COVID-19 pandemic period, in Brazil, from 2020 to 2021. In the methodology, documentary research was carried out with a quantitative and qualitative approach. Documents were searched for on the Learning Platform (AVASUS), from 2020 to 2021. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data were categorized using content analysis by the theme of the courses. The results showed that the courses offered by AVASUS were compatible with the needs of health professionals and the population, considering the pandemic. Therefore, the incorporation of technologies, as a pedagogical innovation, guaranteed access, autonomy and dissemination of technical-scientific knowledge to health professionals, during the COVID-19 pandemic.