Dialect Research Articles

ПРИКЛАДНАЯ ЛИНГВИСТИКА В ОРДЕНА ЗНАК ПОЧЕТА ИНСТИТУТЕ ИСТОРИИ, ЯЗЫКА И ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ УФИЦ РАН: ОСНОВНЫЕ ВЕХИ

The article analyzes the development of applied linguistics within the framework of Bashkir linguistics, as well as the formation of this field. Most researchers working in the field of applied linguistics consider it to be a multidisciplinary field that encompasses all existing research. However, there is still no clear definition of what constitutes this term. In the article, applied linguistics is defined as referring to areas that involve the use of mathematical methods, computer-aided text processing, and the creation and analysis of linguistic databases. These areas have been active fields of research at the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences for over 30 years. The first steps towards this goal in the Bashkir linguistics were taken by the group “Automation of Lexicography”, which was founded in 1991. During its 11-year existence, the team developed frequency dictionaries for the language in the works of classical Bashkir literature by D. Yulty, as well as frequency dictionaries on different styles of Bashkir, primary school textbooks, and other materials. Due to the widespread adoption of computer technologies, which required the creation of standards for software, localization, support for operating systems, and promotion of the Bashkir language online, a laboratory for linguistics and information technology has been established on the basis of this group. The laboratory successfully completed these tasks: they presented standards for keyboard layouts and code tables; they participated in the localization of Lexicon, FineReader, Mozilla, Disco Commander and Chameleon programs; and they created national fonts and implemented language support for Windows and Linux operating systems. These works were the foundation for the full functionality of the language in the digital world. On their basis, the laboratory developed a terminological database operating on the internet, an information system for the Machine Fund of the Bashkir language, and corpus projects on prose, journalist and folklore texts in the Bashkir language. Based on these latter projects, certain issues regarding the syntactic structures of proverbs and sayings in the national language have been investigated. In order to continue dialectological research and to create a database of dialects of the national language, the laboratory was transformed into the Department of Applied Linguistics and Dialectology in 2022. Today, the department continues to work on corpus projects of the Bashkir language and collects expedition materials for a geographic information database on regional dialects. Based on these materials, a great deal of scientific work is carried out to clarify problems of the function of oral Bashkir speech within the media, as well as to determine phonetic and lexico-grammatical characteristics of the Northwest dialect.

Dialect effects in hesitations in older children’s spontaneous speech

Natural speech is interspersed with pauses, word repetitions, phrase repairs, and other disfluencies. These hesitations, reflecting speakers’ performance delays including word fillers, self-corrections, and filled or silent pauses are typical traits of spontaneous speech. Acoustic characteristics of hesitations have been studied primarily in adults, providing evidence that at least some hesitation types exhibit speaker-inherent strategies that are language specific. It is unknown whether older children, whose abilities to engage in conversation approach those of adults, utilize hesitations that reflect the adult model prevalent in a given speech community. Here, we examine spontaneous conversations of American English-speaking 8–12 years-old children growing up in the South (Western North Carolina) and in the Midwest (Central Ohio). We seek to determine whether hesitation types in their speech are shaped by features of their regional dialect. Acoustic analyzes include breathing pattern, phrase length, articulation rate, silent and filled pauses, filler vocalizations, and repair strategies. Preliminary findings indicate that dialect does have an effect on the nature and frequency of hesitations. The work is currently ongoing, and the results will be discussed.

Acoustic vowel distances within and across dialects

Regional dialects of American English exhibit variation in the phonetic realization of vowel categories. This variation leads to different degrees of phonetic vowel similarity within and across dialects. This vowel similarity has been captured by measures of formant distance and overlap in the acoustic space, typically with static formant estimates from a single timepoint in the vowel. In contrast, dialect similarity has been assessed using measures of acoustic distance over time. In the current study, dynamic measures of acoustic distance, including dynamic time warping, root mean-square distance, and generalized additive mixed effect models, were used to assess within-dialect vowel category distances and to compare these distances across dialects. The results were generally consistent across the different distance metrics, confirming their respective ability to capture acoustic vowel distance. However, the magnitude of the distances varied across dialects and vowel variables. Whereas some dialect-specific variables showed the expected patterns of within- and across-dialect similarity based on previous descriptive work, other variables did not. These mixed findings have implications for our understanding of regional dialect variation in American English, its effect on acoustic vowel similarity, and the relationship between acoustic vowel similarity and perceptual ambiguity of vowel contrasts within and across dialects.

Stories and words online regional dialect corpus collection

Online data collection allows for access to diverse populations. In the current study, we used online recruitment and data collection methods to obtain a corpus of read short stories, real English words, and nonwords from adult talkers representing three authentic regional dialects of American English and one novel accent. The authentic dialects are New England, Northern, and Southern American English and are each represented by 8–10 talkers, ranging in age from 22 to 75 years old. The novel accent was produced by five Spanish-English bilinguals with training in linguistics, who were asked to produce Spanish /o/ in an otherwise English segmental context. The four target varieties each contain one vowel pair of interest, in which the vowels within the pair are relatively more ambiguous than in the other varieties. Each talker produced one familiar short story (e.g., Goldilocks and the Three Bears) with 40 tokens of each vowel within the target pair for their dialect, as well as a set of real words and nonwords that represent both the target vowel pair for their dialect and the other three vowel pairs for comparison across dialects. All corpus materials are available to the scholarly community.

Developing an algorithm to characterize context-based speech patterns as cue production profiles

The surface articulation of an underlying phoneme commonly fluctuates depending on the context. For instance, the associated acoustic cues for a /t/ phoneme produced at the beginning of an utterance may be distinct from the acoustic cues of a /t/ phoneme that is preceded and followed by a vowel. Thus, for an individual speaker or speaker group, we can investigate what specific phonemic contexts result in the associated acoustic cues to be produced. An algorithm has been developed which matches a target phoneme to its corresponding acoustic cues. For a given database, we can recover all of the contexts in which a phoneme was produced and tabulate the various acoustic cue production patterns that arose. Finally, we label these patterns by their speech production type (e.g., standard production, flapping, etc.) and produce an output in the form of a cue production profile. As a result, this profile would allow for the association of a set of acoustic cues in specific phonemic contexts for an individual speaker or speaker group, such as speakers from a specific dialect region. The algorithm can also be expanded to include prosodic cues to account for how stress and intonation can affect phoneme production.

Nazarin Tsarin Sauti a Hausar Yamma

Dialectology is an area of linguistics that is concerned with the studies of similarities and differences in speech forms of a particular language. Dialectologists are more interested in studying the relationship existing in speech forms of a language instead of their differences, thus, the relationship is what assists greatly in maintaining mutual intelligibility among the speakers of the same language. Scholars of Hausa dialectology have classified Hausa regional dialects into two major divisions of Eastern and Western Hausa dialects. The divisions were based on the geographical locations and common linguistic features of the dialects that constituted each of the major groups. A regional dialect can be distinguished with another in a particular language at different levels of linguistic studies that include; phonetics, phonology, morphology syntax and the lexicon. This paper is concerned with the phonological variation of Western Hausa dialects. The aim of this paper among other things is to bring to the limelight some neglected Hausa Western dialects that were merged or not included in the earlier division of Hausa dialects classification. The paper attempts to some extent, to study the linguistic features of the Western Hausa dialects as at the present time. The Western Hausa dialects that were brought to the limelight in this paper are: Zamfarci, Kabanci, Arauci, Gobirci, and Adaranci Western dialects of Hausa. The paper has studied the common phonological features of these dialects that shared a regional boundary in the western part of Hausa land which was earlier considered as a single Hausa dialect of Sakkwatanci. A research survey was conducted among a number of speakers in different regions of these dialects through a questionnaire and recorded interviews to establish the existence of the dialects as well as their common features and differences that make them dialects of one language. The research was also guided by a theory of Generative Phonology and Dialectology in Generative Grammar. Findings of the research discovered that the western dialects have common phonological features and share boundaries with each other despite the fact that they have some idiosyncratic features that distinguish them as separate dialects.

Acoustic Similarity Predicts Vowel Phoneme Detection in an Unfamiliar Regional Accent: Evidence from Monolinguals, Bilinguals and Second-Language Learners

When encountering an unfamiliar accent, a hypothesized perceptual challenge is associating its phonetic realizations with the intended phonemic categories. Greater accumulated exposure to the language might afford richer representations of phonetic variants, thereby increasing the chance of detecting unfamiliar accent speakers’ intended phonemes. The present study examined the extent to which the detection of vowel phonemes spoken in an unfamiliar regional accent of English is facilitated or hindered depending on their acoustic similarity to vowels produced in a familiar accent. Monolinguals, experienced bilinguals and native German second-language (L2) learners completed a phoneme detection task. Based on duration and formant trajectory information, unfamiliar accent speakers’ vowels were classed as acoustically “similar” or “dissimilar” to counterpart phonemes in the familiar accent. All three participant groups were substantially less sensitive to the phonemic identities of “dissimilar” compared to “similar” vowels. Unlike monolinguals and bilinguals, L2 learners showed a response shift for “dissimilar” vowels, reflecting a cautious approach to these items. Monolinguals displayed somewhat heightened sensitivity compared to bilinguals, suggesting that greater accumulated exposure aided phoneme detection for both “similar” and “dissimilar” vowels. Overall, acoustic similarity predicted the relative success of detecting vowel phonemes in cross-dialectal speech perception across groups with varied linguistic backgrounds.

A Three-Step DIF Analysis of a Reading Comprehension Test Across Regional Dialects to Improve Test Score Validity

ABSTRACT In sociolinguistic contexts where standardized languages coexist with regional dialects, the study of differential item functioning is a valuable tool for examining certain linguistic uses or varieties as threats to score validity. From an ecological perspective, this paper describes three stages in the study of differential item functioning (DIF): detection, comprehension and evaluation of its consequences. The research focuses on a reading comprehension test in Basque with 1,943 respondents representing two regional dialects. After assessing the dimensionality of the data fitting unidimensional and bifactor models, we start with a multi-method approach (Item Response Theory, Mantel-Haenszel, Standardization) to detect DIF. In a second step, we study the causes of DIF based on a qualitative methodology approach built on the focus group technique. Finally, the impact of DIF on the test level is evaluated through indicators of differential test functioning (DTF) derived from the IRT, and comparisons between situations that consider the presence/absence of DIF. The paper stresses the importance of the comprehensive study of DIF in language accreditation tests as a tool for improving score validity.

THE IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN THE FORMATION OF CROSS-CULTURAL RELATIONS

The English language has emerged as a powerful tool for fostering cross-cultural bonds on a global scale. This article explores the multifaceted role ofEnglish in facilitating communication, understanding, and collaboration among individuals and communities from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds. Beginning with its historical evolution from a regional dialect to a global lingua franca, the article examines how English has permeated various domains, including business, science, technology, diplomacy, and education. Furthermore, it delves into the influence of English in promoting cultural exchange and appreciation through literature, media, arts,and digital communication. Despite its transformative impact, the article acknowledges potential barriers to cross-cultural communication in English, such as language proficiency, cultural differences, stereotypes, and power dynamics. Nevertheless, by fostering awareness, empathy, and intercultural competence, English continues to play a vital role in bridging cultural divides and building connections in an increasingly interconnected world.

The Relationship between Age, Gender, Prestige, Social Media, Area of Origin, Level of English Proficiency and the Use of White Language in Riyadh City in Saudi Arabia

The present study is conducted in order to explore the use of white language, which is defined as an Arabic language which contains the use of English words while using Arabic and that lacks any particular regional accent, vocabulary, or any other regional characteristics. Furthermore, it examined the relationship between the white language and the following: age, gender, prestige, social media, area of origin and English level of proficiency. The study used a quantitative research approach. In order to provide the data needed, the current study used a questionnaire as its instrument. The study sample included 627 citizens of Riyadh city. The findings of the study revealed that the sample was neutral to the use of white language. That is, sometimes they use it, and they do not use it. Furthermore, the analysis of the data showed that there was a relationship between social media, prestige and white language; participants who used social media more and who perceived white language as a prestigious language tended to use it more. In addition, it was revealed that there was a relationship between age and white language; as age increases, white language usage decreases. From the analysis, it was found that there were no differences between different areas of origin in the use of white language; however, there were differences in the use of non-regional vocabulary between central and southern areas of origin. Moreover, the findings uncovered the relationship between white language and the level of English proficiency; participants with a high command of English tend to use white language more. However, the results showed that the level of English proficiency has no relationship with the use of non-regional vocabulary. Finally, the findings further indicated that there were no differences between males and females in the use of white language. However, the findings suggested that there were differences between males and females in their use of code-switching.

Analisa Kesalahan dalam Berbicara dan Berbahasa pada Diskusi Anak Sekolah Dasar Kelas III dengan Konsep Morfologis di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ali Imran Medan

This article aims to share an understanding of the use of proper language by third-grade students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ali Imran Medan Elementary School. Many students have pronunciation errors that need to be studied in terms of the dictionary and morphology. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative research method with direct observation and observation of students at school. The results show that many third-grade students use standard language mixed with everyday language, so their pronunciation is not pleasant when applied, and they are used to using regional accents so that when pronunciation using Indonesian feels foreign. The purpose of this research is to help students speak in accordance with good and proper rules.

Bidialectal variety switching: the effects of language use and social contexts

While previous research shows that bilinguals' ability to mix and switch between two separate languages is influenced by both cross-language similarity and language use contexts, little attention has been paid to bidialectal populations. Given the linguistic and sociolinguistic differences between bilingualism and bidialectalism, it is thus unclear to what extent mechanisms underlying bidialectal variety switching resemble those underlying bilinguals. To investigate the effects of cross-variety phonological distance and variety use contexts on variety switching, we tested two groups of Chinese speakers in a bidialectal auditory word recognition task. Both groups speak a regional dialect (Chengdu Mandarin or Cantonese) as their native language and are also highly proficient in Standard Mandarin. Participants' language background and linguistic experience are collected by a language background questionnaire. Mixing and switching between two varieties are costly for bidialectal speakers in comprehension. Mixing costs can be attributed to variety switches instead of the mere presence of a mixed-variety context. While variety switch and mixing costs are not influenced by cross-variety phonological distance, they are modulated by variety dominance and habitual variety use contexts. This study highlights the similarities between bidialectals and bilinguals in language processing, as well as the significance of recognizing between- and within-group differences in conducting psycholinguistics research with multilingual populations.

Chinese senior secondary students’ attitudes towards national, regional and foreign languages: the case of Chongqing

ABSTRACT This paper reports on language attitudes towards the national language (Putonghua), the regional dialect (Chongqing) and the key foreign language (English) of a group of senior high school students (N = 321) in Chongqing in mainland China. Unlike the numerous other studies of language attitudes in China this one is situated outside the more socially-economically developed east coast cities (such as Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong), focuses on high school students and uses an innovative multidimensional combination of direct and indirect measurements in order to measure and compare the dimensions of integrative/instrumental attitudes and overt/covert attitudes. The findings reveal clear and statistically significant differences in participants’ attitudes towards Chongqing dialect (their mother tongue), Putonghua (their national language) and English (their foreign language). These participants attach the highest integrative value to Chongqing dialect (followed by Putonghua then English) but the highest instrumental value to English (followed by Putonghua then Chongqing dialect). Their overt attitudes are more positive than their covert attitudes towards all three language varieties and there is generally more consistency in overt attitudes than in covert attitudes.

A Sociophonetic Study on the English Accent Varied among Three England National Footballers

English accents have been under discussion by many researchers. It seems that English native speakers still lack cohesion in terms of phonetic features. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the English accents that varied among England’s national footballers to find out what sounds are practiced and how they are categorized socially. Three of them, namely Harry Kane, Luck Shaw, and Harry Maguire, and their interview videos were used as instruments in this study. The data gained were analyzed qualitatively to elicit meaning, gain understanding, and develop empirical knowledge. To help analyze and generate the findings, Estuary English, Received Pronunciation, and Cockney accents were also highlighted here in this study. The findings revealed that these three players happened to share a prestige accent, namely Estuary English, which contains RP and Cockney accents. It is confirmed when the three of them share the most common phonetic features, such as t-glottalization and th-glotalization. For the l-vocalization, it was difficult to determine which accent they belonged to because it was not used often. For h-dropting, neither of the speakers used h-dropping. However, it is also found that each player still has a regional accent.

PROBLEMS OF ECOLOGIZATION OF THE MODERN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE

It is always important to talk about the purity of language, as language is one of the main means of communication and expression. Here are some reasons why it is important today: a). Ensuring clarity: The use of correct language facilitates understanding between language promotes understanding between interlocutors. Incorrect use of words, grammatical structures or pronunciation can lead to misunderstandings. b). Professional credibility: In many areas of life, correct speech can affect the first impression and the level of professional credibility. Competent language shows the culture of the interlocutor and their level of education. c). Preservation of cultural heritage: Language is not only a means of communication, but also a part of cultural heritage. Compliance with the rules of the language contributes to preservation and development of language culture. d). Effective communication: Correct speech helps you to express your thoughts, ideas and feelings effectively. People with right speech can express yourself more accurately and clearly. These topics can occur in a variety of contexts, from academic discussions to practical measures to improve speech culture. The authors of this article consider several factors that may affect the ability of Ukrainians to speak the correct literary language: 1). The influence of dialects and language variants: Ukraine has many regional dialects and language variants that can affect the way words are pronounced, word usage and grammar. 2). Language contact: The richness of language contact in Ukraine can lead to the borrowing of words, phrases and grammatical constructions that do not always meet the standards of the literary Ukrainian language. 3). Lack of language education: Lack of opportunities to receive quality language education or insufficient attention to language literacy in the programs can affect the level of language skills. 4). Socio-cultural context: Socio-cultural factors such as social status, education, media, and the influence of the Internet can influence the language behavior and word use of Ukrainians. 5). Lack of motivation: Lack of motivation to learn and use the correct language can be an obstacle for Ukrainians. 6). Political and historical context: Historical events and political processes also influence Ukrainians' language choices and speech practices. As a result of these factors, Ukrainians may have different levels of language literacy and use of the literary language. However, the interest in improving language skills and proper language education can help to improve this situation. Thus, it is important to talk about language purity today in order to maintain quality communication, preserve cultural heritage and increase the level of professional trust.

A Scot an’ a Sassenach scrieve aboot leid: A three-pairt Scotoethnography

This autoethnography is written in three parts and is influenced by layered account writing principles. In part one, the first author develops his “Scotoethnography.” In a poetic and prose mixture of Scots and Standard English, he critically explores his early socialization away from Scots toward Standard English. With examples from his lived experience, his published autoethnographic work, literary texts, and personal communication, he advocates for his use of Scots as an extra conceptual and linguistic resource. In part two he describes his research into the theoretical and empirical grounding of the article. Part three is a critically focused dialogue between the authors. It ranges across defining “Scotoethnography” and the first author’s motivation for crafting the paper; the emerging political and cultural implications of othering, colonization, and silencing of Scottish identity; the passion and creativity inherent in Scots relative to Standard English; and, finally, the implications for autoethnographers who wish to rescue their regional dialects from monolinguistic entrapment in Standard English.

Vegetarian diets: prevalence in the Russian population, regional accents and associations with cardiovascular risk factors. Results of the ESSE-RF, ESSE-RF2 and ESSE-RF3 epidemiological studies

At the present time, there is a growing trend of vegetarian diets, even in countries with a traditional Nordic diet.Aim. To study the prevalence and characteristics of vegetarian diets in the Russian population at the present stage.Material and methods. The analysis included data from representative samples of the adult population 25-74 years old, examined within three sections of the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation (ESSE-RF) study in 20132014, 2017 and 2020-2022. A total of 57351 participants (24862 men and 32489 women) were analyzed. Nutrition assessment was carried out using the frequency method. Restrictive diets include semi-vegetarian, vegetarian and vegan diets. Data are presented as frequencies and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results. The prevalence of restrictive diets in the Russian population according to three sections of the ESSE-RF study was 3,1%. There is an increase in the prevalence of these diets from 2,7% in 2013, to 3,6% in 2017 and 3,3% in 2020-2022. Men are less likely than women to exclude red meat from their diet (OR 0,55 [0,49-0,61], p<0,05), as are married individuals (0,58 [0,52-0,64], p<0,05). Persons with higher education more often follow a semi-vegetarian diet (OR 1,15 [1,04-1,27], p<0,05). With age, the refusal to consume red meat in the population increases (p<0,001). A semi-vegetarian diet is associated with a lower likelihood of general (OR 0,84 [0,71-0,99], p=0,037) and abdominal obesity (0,78 [0,52-0,64], p<0,001), hypertriglyceridemia (0,82 [0,73-0,92], p=0,001) and hyperglycemia (0,81 [0,67-0,97], p=0,021). The probability of hypertension is lower among people who limit the consumption of animal products (semi-vegetarians (OR 0,85 [0,76-0,95], p=0,004) and vegetarians (0,62 [0,42-0,92], p=0,018), as well as hypercholesterolemia: in semi-vegetarians (0,90 [0,81-0,99], p=0,041), in vegetarians (0,68 [0,47-0,97], p=0,035) and in vegans (0,37 [0,15-0,91], p=0,030).Conclusion. In the Russian population, individuals following vegetarian diets (3,1% of the population) have a healthier profile of nutritional risk factors.

Thoughts on the classification of oguzeli region dialects

Oğuzeli ve yöresi tarihî Türk yerleşim alanlarından biridir. Türklerin Anadolu’yu yurt tutmasından beri Türk boylarına vatan olmuştur. XI. yüzyıldan itibaren bu bölgeye yalnız Oğuz boyları gelmemiştir. Avşar, Barak, Bayat, Bayındır, Beydili, Büğdüz, Cerit, Döğer, Çepni, Karkın, Karakeçili, Kınık, Kızık, Yazır gibi diğer Türk boyları da bölgeye gelmiştir. Bu yerleşimler tarihî kaynaklar aracılığı ile tanıklanmaktadır. Bölgeye yerleşen Türk boyları, Anadolu’nun Türkleşmesinde ve Oğuz Türkçesine dayalı Türk yazı dilinin oluşmasında önemli rol oynamışlardır. Şüphesiz ağız özellikleri tasnifinde genel geçer kural, ses bilgisi ölçütleri, şekil bilgisi ölçütleri, söz varlığı ölçütleri, söz dizimi ölçütleri, vurgu ölçütlerinden oluşan dillik malzemeye dayalı ölçütlerdir. Fakat tek başına dil malzemesine dayalı ölçütler bizi her zaman doğru yola götürmeyebilir. Dil özellikleri belirleyici ölçütler olsa da bölgenin yerleşim tarihi, yer adları ve boylarını da dikkate alarak sınıflandırma yapmak daha doğru sonuçlar verecektir. Bu bağlamda ağız araştırmaları içerisinde tarih, coğrafya, toponim ve etnotoponim çalışmaları azımsanamayacak ölçüde yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada da Oğuzeli ve yöresinin ağız özelliklerinin tespiti yapılmıştır. Ağız özelliklerinin tespitinde art ve eş zamanlı ölçütler göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Bunun yanında bölgenin tarihî ve coğrafyası da dikkate alınmıştır. Bu değerlendirme sonucunda Oğuzeli yöresi ağızlarının köprü ağzı özelliği taşıyan Batı grubu ağızları içerisinde VII. alt grubuna aittir sonucuna varılmıştır.

Digital Archives and Preservation Techniques for Revitalising Endangered Languages

In the field of linguistic preservation, the integration of digital archives with artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools presents a groundbreaking approach to revitalising endangered languages. Drawing upon the works of Bird et al. (2009) and Krafft and Kusters (2016), this study focuses on the development of a sophisticated digital archive that utilises AI to significantly enhance the preservation and revitalisation of these languages. This research involves creating an extensive digital repository to efficiently store, manage, and provide access to data related to endangered languages, thereby establishing a central hub for housing diverse linguistic materials, including audio, text, and video content. Crucially, this study incorporates AI-driven tools for comprehensive language analysis. These tools, which are essential for accurate language documentation, are adept at tokenizing and analysing texts in endangered languages, ensuring precise processing and preservation, as highlighted by Krauss (1992) and Lewis and Simons (2010). The methodology includes thorough data preparation for language model training, encompassing endangered language-specific tokens, regional dialects, and idiomatic expressions, as noted in research by Clyne (2003) and Bhuvaneswari (2022). The ultimate aim of this study was to preserve and revitalise endangered languages through accessible language learning resources and active community engagement. This study critically evaluates the impact of AI and digital archives on language revitalization by examining their effectiveness in promoting linguistic diversity and cultural preservation, as discussed by Robinson and Yip (2017) and Harrison (2020). This study underscores the potential of AI in enhancing and preserving linguistic and cultural diversity, offering a scalable and sustainable model that makes a significant contribution to the field of linguistic preservation.

Managing the change of prescriptivism in Hungary: adopting the models of change management to L1 education

Abstract The paper studies the possible role of change management, a well-known term and often used action in the public administration and corporate sector, in supporting the institutional shaping of positive language attitudes towards regional dialects. The theoretical study is based on the presupposition that the application of the sociolinguistic viewpoint in L1 education in Hungary can be understood as a process of change in organizational and corporate culture. The study aims to point out how the lessons of change management can help move the standard-based viewpoint and subtractive practice in mother tongue education more effectively towards a sociolinguistic and additive approach. Besides these viewpoints, the existing regulations and teaching practices regarding language variability in present-day Hungary are also summarized in the paper briefly. The second part presents the change management theory and its two famous models, and discusses what can be learned from them concerning the field of (educational) linguistics.