Academic Video Research Articles

News from the Field

UCSD signs OA2020 Expression of InterestOU Libraries creates AI research registryOCLC partners with Couperin.org on Eproxy analytics2019 ALA Midwinter Meeting recordings availableNISO launches content platform migration communication projectARL Annual Salary Survey 2017–2018 releasedKeeping Up With… Implicit BiasCNN Films added to Academic Video OnlineProject MUSE offers HTML5 open access books on redesigned platform

Indigenous Moves: Collaborative Multimedia and Decolonial Aesthetics

This article—a component of a multimedia series that includes academic papers, video documentaries, painting, poetry, dance, and song—documents and visualizes the continuities and contradictions inherent in diaspora and immigration for Indigenous Mexicans in the U.S. South. We argue for deployment of a decolonial aesthetics that calls into question long-standing colonial systems of meaning making, particularly racialized representations. We elaborate decolonial aesthetics by drawing on the visual language of Seed Spirits, a video documentary produced in collaboration with Otomi people. Decolonial aesthetics works through an affective register to evoke a wide range of responses to the video including a deeper respect for ontologies of difference. A sacred element of Otomi cosmology, artisanal paper known as papel amate, further illuminates how we understand the liberatory potential of decolonial aesthetics. In conclusion, the Mexican diaspora and the cultural politics of Indigeneity it unleashed are reinscribing the narrative of Indigeneity in the Americas.

Opening the Knowledge Dam: Speech Recognition for Video Search

ABSTRACTAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR) may increase access to spoken information captured in videos. ASR is needed, especially for online academic video lectures that gradually replace class lectures and traditional textbooks. This conceptual article examines how technological barriers to ASR in under-resourced languages impair accessibility to video content and demonstrates it with the empirical findings of Hebrew ASR evaluations. We compare ASR with Optical Character Recognition (OCR) as facilitating access to textual and speech content and show their current performance in under-resourced languages. We target ASR of under-resourced languages as the main barrier to searching academic video lectures. We further show that information retrieval technologies, such as smart video players that combine both ASR and OCR capacities, must come to the fore once ASR technologies have matured. Therefore, suggesting that the current state of information retrieval from video lectures in under-resourced languages is equivalent to a knowledge dam.

Researching embodied learning by using videographic participation for data collection and audiovisual narratives for dissemination – illustrated by the encounter between two acrobats

The article concerns doing ethnography in education and it reflects upon using ‘videographic participation’ for data collection and the concept of ‘audiovisual narratives’ for dissemination, which is inspired by the idea of developing academic video. The article takes a narrative approach to qualitative research and presents a case from contemporary circus education examining embodied learning, whereas the particular focus in this article is methodology and the development of a dissemination strategy for empirical material generated through videographic participation. Drawing on contributions concerned with the senses from the field of sport sciences and from the field of visual anthropology and sensory ethnography, the article concludes that using videographic participation and creating audiovisual narratives might be a good option to capture the multisensuous dimensions of a learning situation.

Right Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy: Step-by-Step

Introduction: Whereas laparoscopic nephrectomy was initially used primarily for small tumors only, this has decreased in favor of nephron-sparing surgery. Meanwhile, laparoscopic nephrectomy is now offered for selected patients with large tumors up to stage T3 and for cytoreductive nephrectomies. Objectives: We present an educative video that shows the performance of a conventional right laparoscopic radical nephrectomy since its surgical planning, usual and crucial step considerations, warnings, possible complications, and their managements. With the big experience of the authors in this topic, we share tips and tricks about this usual procedure. Methods: We collected multiple videos from the author's personal video collections all around the world that exemplified each right laparoscopic radical nephrectomy step and its possible complication with the respective management and prevention. We summarized all the videos and designed special step illustrations and made a unique one for an academic video. Conclusion: The gold standard treatment in certain upper urinary tract neoplasms is radical nephrectomy and the laparoscopic approach has demonstrated advantages compared with the open approach. Considering this, the urologist must develop expertise on this procedure and this video is a didactic tool to start with. No competing financial interests exist. Runtime of video: 7 mins 56 secs

소셜 뉴스를 위한 시간 종속적인 메타데이터 기반의 컨텍스트 공유 프레임워크

The emergence of the internet technology and SNS has increased the information flow and has changed the way people to communicate from one-way to two-way communication. Users not only consume and share the information, they also can create and share it among their friends across the social network service. It also changes the Social Media behavior to become one of the most important communication tools which also includes Social TV. Social TV is a form which people can watch a TV program and at the same share any information or its content with friends through Social media. Social News is getting popular and also known as a Participatory Social Media. It creates influences on user interest through Internet to represent society issues and creates news credibility based on user`s reputation. However, the conventional platforms in news services only focus on the news recommendation domain. Recent development in SNS has changed this landscape to allow user to share and disseminate the news. Conventional platform does not provide any special way for news to be share. Currently, Social News Service only allows user to access the entire news. Nonetheless, they cannot access partial of the contents which related to users interest. For example user only have interested to a partial of the news and share the content, it is still hard for them to do so. In worst cases users might understand the news in different context. To solve this, Social News Service must provide a method to provide additional information. For example, Yovisto known as an academic video searching service provided time dependent metadata from the video. User can search and watch partial of video content according to time dependent metadata. They also can share content with a friend in social media. Yovisto applies a method to divide or synchronize a video based whenever the slides presentation is changed to another page. However, we are not able to employs this method on news video since the news video is not incorporating with any power point slides presentation. Segmentation method is required to separate the news video and to creating time dependent metadata. In this work, In this paper, a time dependent metadata-based framework is proposed to segment news contents and to provide time dependent metadata so that user can use context information to communicate with their friends. The transcript of the news is divided by using the proposed story segmentation method. We provide a tag to represent the entire content of the news. And provide the sub tag to indicate the segmented news which includes the starting time of the news. The time dependent metadata helps user to track the news information. It also allows them to leave a comment on each segment of the news. User also may share the news based on time metadata as segmented news or as a whole. Therefore, it helps the user to understand the shared news. To demonstrate the performance, we evaluate the story segmentation accuracy and also the tag generation. For this purpose, we measured accuracy of the story segmentation through semantic similarity and compared to the benchmark algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms benchmark algorithms in terms of the accuracy of story segmentation. It is important to note that sub tag accuracy is the most important as a part of the proposed framework to share the specific news context with others. To extract a more accurate sub tags, we have created stop word list that is not related to the content of the news such as name of the anchor or reporter. And we applied to framework. We have analyzed the accuracy of tags and sub tags which represent the context of news. From the analysis, it seems that proposed framework is helpful to users for sharing their opinions with context information in Social media and Social news.

An inquiry into the current and future uses of digital video in University teaching

Research indicates that student use of digital video has increased dramatically in recent years, both for personal and academic use; suggesting an opportunity to further incorporate its use in education. Educators too have recognised this trend, and see the value in providing students with academic video content. This inquiry begins by examining current uses of digital video in a wide range of educational settings, to establish the role it plays in supporting and enhancing student learning. Following this, some of the challenges present in the literature are outlined, specifically the challenges of providing relevant video content, and developing teaching and learning methodologies for use with digital video. Future opportunities and directions for the use of video in education are then examined and discussed, with attention given to the prospect of academic online video platforms. In the methodology section, the process of integrating digital videos into lectures is explained, along with some of the challenges and obstacles faced. Findings presented indicate that students value the use of digital video in lectures, and would like to see its use become more ubiquitous in education. Finally, students’ readiness for an online video platform for viewing, sharing, and discussing content is outlined, indicating a predominantly positive disposition for such a platform.

Academic Video in the Portuguese High Education Network: the EDUCast@fccn project

Since 2010 it was developed an innovative partnership initiated by the Portuguese Foundation for National Scientific Computing (FCCN), by SWITCH (the institution that manages the Swiss Network Technology Research and Education) and the University of Porto (U.Porto). These three European institutions have developed a work of exploration and discussion under the auspices of TERENA (Trans-European Research and Education Networking) during the various forums for collaboration, innovation and knowledge sharing that this institution regularly promotes. Thus, was born in Portugal the project Educast@fccn that can be considered the simplest national service to manage educational video from recording to the distribution process. This service is based on a technology platform for production, editing and video distribution that allows full autonomy to the user in all the process. In addition to the innovative technology, this service provides to all High Education Institutions (HEI’s), in Portugal, the integration into a professional structure that supports the production of audiovisual content for e-learning and blended learning in each institution and a great possibility of scaling the production on each one of the institutions. The specific logistics of each HEI in Portugal and the specific teaching of each academic community are some of the major challenges faced by technical staff, administrative staff and educational support staff of these institutions when trying to find an appropriate solution for the provision of audiovisual content. Therefore this professional network structure also ensures a high level of service support, and consequently, a great confidence to the teachers and other audiovisual content producers in the various academic communities in Portugal. But this project also allowed, since its inception, to consolidate a national community of experts in content development for e-learning and blended learning, especially the audiovisual components. The U. Porto also positioned itself as a pivotal entity in this privileged national network of experts on audiovisual content on education through the training of 80 employees spread across 37 HEI’s in Portugal during the last 2 years. In addition the U.Porto released a set of complementary initiatives ranging from training, workshop sessions and distance learning courses about this technology and this service. This was an ambitious step of this big national project that allowed to build a set of technical teams specialized in the production of educational content and that directly support the academic communities of their own institutions. Currently this project is confirming the high expectations of those involved and is creating even bigger expectations to the future. About 37 HEI’s joined the EDUCast@fccn project with 2306 users and 5882 videos produced and integrated in 748 channels of project platform. These significant quantitative results are the visible part of a set of technological and logistic conditions to start a strong manifestation of significant qualitative results regarding the educational impact of this project in the daily activities of teachers. Aspects such as the better management of lectures that are traditionally less appealing, the attractiveness of the educational contents created through video, the improved productivity of teachers through the recording of audiovisual content, the release and allocation of teaching time for productive activities and to the interactive direct support to the student or even the increase of the students' interest in certain content that traditionally would not be so appealing, are just a few issues that constitute these qualitative aspects.

Reflections on academic video


 As academics we study, research and teach audiovisual media, yet rarely disseminate and mediate through it. Today, developments in production technologies have enabled academic researchers to create videos and mediate audiovisually. In academia it is taken for granted that everyone can write a text. Is it now time to assume that everyone can make a video essay? Using the online journal of academic videos Audiovisual Thinking and the videos published in it as a case study, this article seeks to reflect on the emergence and legacy of academic audiovisual dissemination. Anchoring academic video and audiovisual dissemination of knowledge in two critical traditions, documentary theory and semiotics, we will argue that academic video is in fact already present in a variety of academic disciplines, and that academic audiovisual essays are bringing trends and developments that have long been part of academic discourse to their logical conclusion.

Editorial: Vada a bordo

Editorial: Vada a bordo

Abstract A27: Addressing linguistic needs for non-native English speakers: Assessing video technology as a means for increasing cancer screening.

Abstract Non-native English speakers face exceptional challenges when navigating the U.S. health care system. Despite research highlighting limited knowledge of cancer, low rates of participation in cancer screening programs, and cancer disparities for underserved populations, there are few culturally adapted prevention programs to enhance cancer screening among non-native English speakers. One of the major concerns for some recent immigrant and refugee communities includes limited literacy in English and/or their native language. Therefore, there is a need for interventions that employ novel formats to address the linguistic and literacy barriers to health education. The use of video technology provides a cost-effective method for reaching widespread audiences; however, there is limited information on the effectiveness of such methodologies as an intervention tool. The current research includes a systematic review of the literature to identify existing health education and cancer screening promoting programs for non-native English speakers using a video format. Literature searches were carried out via academic databases and public platforms in order to identify academic, corporate, and non-profit video materials developed targeting non-English speakers. Videos were reviewed to assess: (1) the target communities and languages available; (2) whether the videos contain up-to-date cancer screening recommendations; (3) availability and dissemination of materials to the public; (4) the presence, quality, and results from evaluation of the materials. The review of existing videos identified significant gaps in all aspects of evaluation of the videos, including information on the breadth of dissemination, cost-effectiveness, viewer satisfaction and understanding of the videos, and the ability of the videos to increase participation in cancer screening programs. The majority of video programs was developed by public sector organizations and either no evaluation information was readily accessible or, if available, the review found that limited to no evaluation had been conducted. There is significant need to develop theory-based video health education programs that track the dissemination and effectiveness of the videos to increase cancer screening participation for non-native English speakers. While video technology may provide a useful methodology for reducing cancer disparities, further research is needed. Citation Format: Kate E. Murray, Amy Pan, Alice Mills, Maria Lourdes F. Reyes, Sahra Abdi, Hope Velarde, Pat Clark, Rachel Bennett, Veronica Villarreal, Alison Olsen. Addressing linguistic needs for non-native English speakers: Assessing video technology as a means for increasing cancer screening. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A27.

New Directions for Academic Video Game Collections: Strategies for Acquiring, Supporting, and Managing Online Materials

The work of collection development in academic video game collections is at a crucial point of transformation—gaming librarians are ready to expand beyond console games collected in disc and cartridge format to the world of Internet games. At the same time, forms and genres of video games such as serious and independent games are increasingly important to university instruction and curricula, and the move to online gaming allows university and college libraries to give campus communities access to them. This essay reviews the most significant LIS literature on academic gaming collections and identifies new directions in gaming collection development. The authors then present specific resources and strategies they relied upon in their recent initiative to transform gaming collection development policies at the University of North Texas, a large, public, research university. Establishing a five-year plan to create a cutting-edge video game collection, the authors concentrated especially on adding new types of games to the collection, working through the logistics of providing online access, and providing opportunities for research and student learning within the university library through the creation of a gaming lab. The essay outlines in concrete terms the next steps academic gaming librarians can take to ensure the continuing relevance of their collections to campus communities, exploring how innovations in collection development can shape the future of this rapidly-transforming field.

Enabling user to user interactions in web lectures with history‐aware user awareness

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a user interface for web lectures for engaging with other users while working with video based learning content. The application allows its users to ask questions about the content and to get answers from those users that currently online are more familiar with it. The filtering is based on the evaluation of past user interaction data in time‐based media.Design/methodology/approachThe work is implemented as a prototype application in the context of the Opencast Matterhorn project – an open source based project for producing, managing and distributing academic video content. The application compares users viewing behavior and allows communication with others that are good candidates to answer questions.FindingsDifferent filtering approaches for identifying suitable candidates are being discussed that foster past interactions in time‐based media.Practical implicationsThe paper shows that web lectures can benefit from user awareness ideas and presents examples of how learners can benefit from the knowledge of other users who are working with the same video based content.Originality/valueUser awareness has become an important feature in today's Web 2.0 experience. The paper discusses different user awareness models and explains how they can be adapted to time‐based video content. The presented work is available as a plug‐in for the Opencast Matterhorn project.

Effects of Video Adaptations on Comprehension of Students with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

This study investigated the effects of alternative narration, highlighted text, picture/word-based captions, and interactive video searching features for improving comprehension of nonfiction academic video clips by students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (ID/DD). Combined multiple baselines across participants and alternating treatment designs were employed to evaluate the factual comprehension by five postsecondary participants with ID/DD. Comprehension was measured by the number of correct oral responses after watching regular, nonadapted videos in the baseline phases, as well as after watching adapted videos and after searching videos for answers via hyperlinks in the treatment and maintenance phases. Findings included: (a) the participants improved their factual comprehension of video content significantly after viewing videos modified with alternative narrations and various captioning adaptations, which resulted in additional significant improvements after students had an opportunity to search the video for answers and adjust their original oral responses; (b) the participants performed equally well regardless of the type of captions (highlighted text or picture/word-based); and (c) there was no significant difference in participant comprehension between motion videos and static images. Adapted videos offer innovative solutions for legally required access and active participation of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities in grade- and subject-linked academic curriculum.

The Revolution Will be Streamed Online: Academic Libraries and Video

The Revolution Will be Streamed Online: Academic Libraries and Video

Opencast Matterhorn

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce the Opencast Community, a global community of individuals, institutions, and commercial stakeholders exchanging knowledge about all matters relevant in the context of academic video and promoting projects in this context. It also gives an overview of the most prominent of these projects, Opencast Matterhorn – a community‐driven open source solution for producing, managing, and distributing academic video.Design/methodology/approachThe paper will demonstrate that Opencast Matterhorn is satisfying institutional needs to manage audiovisual content more efficiently as video is becoming a significant resource in research and education. Furthermore, the paper highlights that Opencast Matterhorn as a product and as a project is open for contributions from the research community and provides an excellent environment for the integration of research results from media analysis, multimedia authoring, search technologies, and other related fields.FindingsOpencast Matterhorn provides a scalable open source solution for universities to manage academic video. Its service‐oriented architecture makes it customizable to institutional needs and open for contributions from users as well as media research.Originality/valueThe paper provides an insight to the idea of Opencast, the Opencast Community, and Opencast Matterhorn – and how they will help academic institutions to better manage and exploit the full richness of educational video.

Selection criteria for academic video game collections

PurposeThis article aims to discuss the relevance of building video game collections in academia to support research and learning on campus and to propose useful criteria for building video game collections in academic libraries.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examined collection development policies of selected academic libraries as well as research discussing the cultural, historical, and educational value of video games. The authors also examined video game playback devices, games and their packaging, and popular game web sites.FindingsThe authors outline selection considerations for developing video game collections and propose the following criteria for selecting games: physical characteristics, teaching and learning principles present in the games, subject matter and content, and the cultural and historical value of a game.Originality/valueEstablishing video games in libraries is not a new topic, but most discussions have been focused on public libraries or the entertainment value of video games in academic libraries. This article focuses on games as serious objects of study in academia and provides best practices for video games collections development.

Establishing Access Policies for Emerging Media in Academic Libraries

Withtheincorporationofrapidly evolvingmediaformatsin academic librarycollections, librariansface thenow-familiar challengeof providing access to the information these new formats contain. Rather than developing individual access policies for each type of media, librarians can follow pre-existing policies for an established media format, the videorecording, asa way of addressingdiscrete medialending issuesand establishing appropriate policies. This article describes a variety of academic library video access policies and the reasoning for their implementation in order to illustrateand addressthecommonest issuesinvolved in establishing media access policies and to offer lending guidance for newlyacquiredformats.