In investing in stocks, an investor must be able to form a stock portfolio to obtain optimal results. Factor analysis is one way to select stocks to form a portfolio. Factor analysis with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) extraction is used to summarize many variables into new smaller factors by producing the same information. The new factor formed is called a portfolio. This study aims to form an optimal portfolio using the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) method, which is an alternative to Markowitz optimization, and assess the stock portfolio's performance using the Sharpe index. This research uses IDX30-indexed stocks because the stocks in this index have high market capitalization and liquidity. The data used in this study are daily close stock price data on the IDX30 index from September 20, 2022, to September 20, 2023. The data used is secondary data obtained from the official website https://finance.yahoo.com/. From the analysis, three stock portfolios were obtained. With MAD optimization, the investment weight of each stock is obtained namely, in the first portfolio, the investment weight of AMRT shares is 21.95%, BBCA shares are 30%, BBNI shares are 18.05%, and BBRI shares are 30%. In the second portfolio, the investment weight of AKRA shares is 34.03%, BRPT shares are 40%, and MEDC shares are 25.97%. In the third portfolio, the investment weight of BMRI shares is 50%, and INDF shares are 50%. By measuring the performance of the Sharpe index, the optimal portfolio is obtained in the second portfolio with an expected return portfolio of 0.155% and a portfolio risk of 1.927%.