Level Of Ability Research Articles

Learner Assessment System in e-Learning with OBE Approach: Activity Performance, Ability Level and Recommendation

E-learning can lead learners to achieve learning outcomes if it is designed based on several principles. One is applying assessments that motivate and inform ability levels. In Outcome-based Education (OBE), assessment is integral to the system. However, e-learning has limitations in providing assessment instruments according to needs, such as assessing complex and detailed aspects and accommodating a variety of numerical and linguistic assessment data. Moreover, the presence and involvement of learners affect their performance and learning outcomes. This study proposes a learner assessment system in e-learning with the OBE approach, including learning design, activity performance analysis, ability level determination, and recommendations. This system adds the e-rubric to e-learning to overcome instrument limitations and accommodate comprehensive assessments. Various numerical and linguistic assessment data are unified using 2-tuple fuzzy linguistics, producing ability levels as two tuples. Performance analysis was based on event log data using descriptive statistical technique and alignment-based conformance checking, from frequency, time, and sequence of activity objects, resulting in five activity performance variables. The performance value of each variable is converted into High, Medium, or Low levels. The ability and performance levels are processed using rule-based methods to produce recommendations for learning stages and activity performance directions. The results of this research can be used as input for academic stakeholders and online learning providers and potentially be applied to the advancement of e-learning in higher education. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-03-03 Full Text: PDF

Validity and reliability of the Yonsei lifestyle profile-active, balance, connection, diversity.

Lifestyle, defined as a way of living resulting from an individual's deliberate choices, is a crucial factor in improving and maintaining health. Consequently, the measurement and analysis of lifestyle are of significant importance. This study aims to validate the validity and reliability of the Yonsei Lifestyle Profile-Active, Balance, Connection, Diversity (YLP-ABCD) in measuring health-related lifestyles. Data were collected from 300 participants aged 55 and older using the YLP-ABCD. To analyse the validity and reliability of the YLP-ABCD, analysed using frequency, descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and Rasch model analysis. The results indicate that the YLP-ABCD, which consists of 35 items, demonstrates unidimensionality and local independence. The Rasch model confirmed the suitability of the 5-point Likert scale for the factors, excluding subfactors Balanced and Unbalanced. The item fit criteria (0.5 < MNSQ < 1.5) were met for all items. The distribution of the respondents' abilities suggests the need for additional items to measure their ability levels. Both the item and respondent separation indices and their reliabilities were satisfactory. This study confirmed the utility of the YLP-ABCD as a valuable tool for measuring and understanding the multifaceted diversity of lifestyles. Therefore, by utilising YLP-ABCD to quantitatively measure health lifestyles, we anticipate contributing to improvements in human health and quality of life.

Assessment of the Need for Designing an Interactive Educational Tool on Exophytic Lesions of the Oral Mucosa.

Introduction This study sought to evaluate the necessity of creating an interactive educational resource for instructing dental students on oral exophytic lesions. It also aimed to determine the validity and reliability of a questionnaire designed to assess the quality of educational software tailored to these lesions. Materials and methods This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 102 dental students from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran, who had completed the theoretical course on oral exophytic lesions. A paper questionnaire, including 23 items, assessed their clinical knowledge, the efficacy and limitations of existing educational resources, and the need for interactive electronic courseware (e-courseware). The questionnaire's validity and reliability were evaluated through expert feedback and statistical measures (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha). Results Students' answers to the seven items about evaluating their clinical diagnosis knowledge of oral exophytic lesions were between four and five items correct on average. This finding indicated that students' overall skill in diagnosing exophytic lesions was poor to moderate.The study highlighted a moderate level of self-assessed clinical ability in diagnosing oral exophytic lesions among students (62.7%), with a preference for textbooks and color atlases as primary information sources. The disadvantages of existing electronic resources were noted, alongside a strong student consensus (88.23%) on the need for interactive e-courseware featuring comprehensive, visually engaging content for differential diagnosis education. The reliability and validity analyses of the questionnaire underscored its appropriateness for assessing educational needs. In this regard, ICC for the usability of scientific context, training ability, and interaction was 0.92, 0.73, and 0.82, respectively. Also, Cronbach's alpha score was at 0.90. Conclusion The research underscores a significant gap in dental students' knowledge and diagnostic skills regarding oral exophytic lesions. It emphasizes the critical need for an innovative, interactive educational tool that aligns with contemporary students' digital learning preferences. The envisioned e-courseware would facilitate self-learning and address current resources' limitations, potentially transforming dental education by enhancing clinical diagnostic skills through accessible, effective, and engaging digital content.

Predicting attitudes related to stuttering from an international database

PurposeA vast number of studies over the past 50 years have explored public and professional attitudes toward stuttering, and many of them have identified variables that predict more—or less—positive attitudes. Part I of this study summarized 91 studies in terms of consistency of prediction of stuttering attitudes. Part II sought to compare a considerable number of potential predictors and to quantify their prediction strengths. MethodThirty-seven predictors were analyzed in linear regression models using a retrospective analysis of a database consisting of 22,413 respondents from 44 countries who had filled out the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering (POSHA–S) in 26 different languages. Dependent variables were two POSHA–S subscores, Beliefs about stuttering and Self Reactions to people who stutter, as well as the mean of these two subscores, the Overall Stuttering Score. ResultsAll 37 predictors were statistically significant for most—but at least one—of the three scores. The strongest predictors related to regions of the world and related variables of countries and languages, with greater strength for Beliefs than for Self Reactions. Knowing persons who stutter, or knowing about stuttering, were moderate predictors of Self Reactions but weak predictors of Beliefs. Different populations, such as the public, students, or speech-language pathologists, moderately predicted attitudes on all three dependent variables while education level and self-ratings of ability to speak were weak predictors. Sex (gender), age, income, parental or marital status, and most of 12 life priorities (e.g., get things done; be safe and secure) had very weak and practically insignificant predictive potential. ConclusionsThe study confirmed previous research showing ambiguous results for such predictors as sex and age but consistent differences from various geographic regions. Beliefs and Self Reactions measure different constructs that are often predicted differently by variables.

Sarcopenia is associated with survival in patients awaiting kidney transplant

BackgroundThe relationship of sarcopenia to frailty and other survival determinants in patients waitlisted for kidney transplant is not well characterized. Our goal was to evaluate the relationship of muscle area to functional and frailty metrics and its impact on survival in patients waitlisted for kidney transplant. MethodsAmong 303 consecutively listed transplant candidates, 172 had a computed scan within 3 months of frailty and biochemical testing that permitted muscle area evaluation. Third lumbar level psoas muscle indices (total bilateral psoas area/height2) were calculated. Testing included frailty metrics, treadmill and pedometer ability, troponin, and brain natriuretic peptide levels. Associations between muscle area, demographic, biochemical, and frailty measures were analyzed. Log-rank test was used to evaluate waitlist survival on the basis of muscle area, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to evaluate factors independently associated with survival. ResultsDemographic factors associated with third lumbar level psoas muscle indices include male sex (P < .001), race (P = .02), age (P = .004), and body mass index (P < .0001). Grip strength, treadmill ability, and Sit-Stands positively correlated with third lumbar level psoas muscle indices (P < .01). Brain natriuretic peptide and Up and Go negatively correlated with third lumbar level psoas muscle indices (P < .01). Survival was significantly associated with third lumbar level psoas muscle indices (P = 0.02). Treadmill ability, Sit-Stands, Up and Go, race and muscle area were most closely associated with waitlist survival on multivariate modeling. ConclusionSarcopenia as assessed with muscle area measurements is independently associated with kidney waitlist survival. Functional ability and muscle area may be overlapping, but noncongruent, determinants of waitlist outcomes and may need to be individually assessed to create the most predictive survival model.

The Impact of the VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT Signaling Axis on the Proliferation and Migration Abilities of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

The potential therapeutic benefits of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) in dental regenerative medicine have been demonstrated. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating the biological characteristics of HDPSCs. The experiment aims to explore whether VEGF activates signaling pathways such as FAK, PI3K, Akt, and p38 in HDPSCs, and to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which VEGF influences proliferation and migration of HDPSCs. Normal and inflamed human dental pulp (HDP) samples were collected, and the levels of VEGF in HDP were assessed. HDPSCs were cultured and purified. HDPSCs were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at gradient concentrations, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to assess changes in VEGF mRNA. Gradient concentrations of VEGF were used to stimulate HDPSCs, and cell migration ability was evaluated through scratch assays and Transwell chamber experiments. Phosphorylation levels of FAK, AKT, and P38 were assessed using Western blotting. Inhibitors of VEGFR2, FAK, AKT, P38, and VEGF were separately applied to HDPSCs, and cell migration ability and phosphorylation levels of FAK, AKT, and P38 were determined. The results indicated significant differences in VEGF levels between normal and inflamed HDP tissues, with levels in the inflamed state reaching 435% of normal levels (normal: 87.91 ng/mL, inflamed: 382.76 ng/mL, P < 0.05). LPS stimulation of HDPSCs showed a significant increase in VEGF mRNA expression with increasing LPS concentrations (LPS concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/mL resulted in VEGF mRNA expressions of 181.2%, 274.2%, 345.8%, and 460.9%, respectively, P < 0.05). VEGF treatment significantly enhanced the migration ability of HDPSCs in Transwell chamber experiments, with migration rates increasing with VEGF concentrations (VEGF concentrations of 0, 1, 10, 20, 50, and 100 ng/mL resulted in migration rates of 8.41%, 9.34%, 21.33%, 28.41%, 42.87%, and 63.15%, respectively, P < 0.05). Inhibitors of VEGFR2, FAK, AKT, P38, and combined VEGF stimulation demonstrated significant migration inhibition, with migration rates decreasing to 8.31%, 12.64%, 13.43%, 18.32%, and 74.17%, respectively. The migration rate with combined VEGF stimulation showed a significant difference (P < 0.05). The analysis of phosphorylation levels revealed that VEGF stimulation significantly activated phosphorylation of FAK, AKT, and P38, with phosphorylation levels increasing with VEGF concentrations (P < 0.05). The VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling axis regulated the migration ability of HDPSCs through the FAK/PI3K/AKT and P38MAPK pathways. This finding highlighted not only the crucial role of VEGF in injury repair of HDPSCs but also provided important clues for a comprehensive understanding of the potential applications of this signaling axis in dental regenerative medicine.

228 Physical literacy and inclusion within the context of disability and impairment: A multiple case study approach

Abstract Background and Purpose Physical literacy (PL) holds significant importance in various organizational agendas, being prioritized as a core programming priority under the premise of inclusivity irrespective of ability. However, there is a notable gap in understanding PL within the context of disability and impairment, as application of PL often occurs through a lens of normativity and standardization by those who do not experience disability. This study aims to establish an evidence-based, context-specific and foundational understanding of PL and its inclusivity of all individuals regardless of ability level, that can be utilized to inform, guide, and support current and future programs. Methods Employing the communities of practice theoretical model, a multiple case study design was utilized to delve into three purposefully selected cases rich in PL and inclusive practices. Data was collected through face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with stakeholders including participants, parents, practitioners, supervisors, and administrators. Supplemental data sources included direct observations, exploration of program documents, site photographs, and reflexive engagement. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted to uncover stakeholder perspectives, providing context-specific insights into PL as an inclusive concept. Findings Three overarching themes emerged, elucidating the foundations of PL as an inclusive concept: environmental considerations, operating with intention, and ethical and informed practice. These themes intersect with one another to foster opportunities for PL development across age and ability spectrums. Conclusions The findings offer evidence-based insights into PL and inclusion practices, offering a framework to move beyond normative and standardized notions of PL development. Support/Funding Source Government of Canada Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council Partnership Engage Grant (File No. 892-2021-1009).

Investigating Elementary Teachers' Perceptions of Traditional Science Teaching Methods within the Single National Curriculum Framework

This study investigates elementary teachers' perceptions of traditional science teaching methods within the Single National Curriculum (SNC) at the elementary level. The primary objectives were to evaluate the science achievement of Grade IV students using both cooperative and traditional teaching methods, to compare the effectiveness of these methods based on students' ability levels, and to assess their impact across different science content areas. The study involved 69 elementary teachers, who provided data through a self-developed questionnaire, validated and tested for reliability using Cronbach’s Alpha during a pilot study. The data, collected via oral explanations followed by questionnaire completion, were analysed using statistical techniques such as mean and standard deviation. The findings reveal a preference among some teachers for traditional methods, citing their effectiveness in content delivery. However, there is also recognition of the need to enhance these methods with innovative techniques to improve student engagement and understanding. The study recommends refining traditional teaching approaches by integrating technology and experiential learning opportunities, ensuring a more comprehensive and effective science education experience for elementary students within the SNC framework.

Learning media as a solution to increase knowledge and abilities in students

The selection of appropriate learning media is proven to have a positive impact on students' knowledge and abilities in the learning process. They were referring to material in learning carried out by sports students as one of the preparations for teachers who must understand refereeing regulations so that the entire learning process can really utilize learning media. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of learning media on remembering the knowledge and ability of volleyball referees. The research method used in this study is quasi-experiment with a pretest and posttest quasi-experimental control group research design. This study involved 30 volleyball referee students who were obtained using cluster random sampling. This research instrument is an instrument that uses a questionnaire on the level of knowledge and ability of volleyball referees, divided into 10 indicators. This questionnaire obtained a reliability of 0.826. The analysis of this data used prerequisite tests (normality test using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, homogeneity test using the Levin statistical test), and a t-test conducted with the help of SPSS 25 to test the effect on each subject. The results showed that the average score of the experimental volleyball referee group was 216.93 ± 7.75, while the average score of the control volleyball referee knowledge and ability level group was 189.47 ± 7.18, the experimental group was better than the control group.

관찰과 소통이 강조된 과학 탐구 수업에서 과학 영재들의 통합 탐구 능력과 관찰과 소통 관점에서 학생들의 수업 인식

This study investigated the level of problem recognition, hypothesis setting, and variable control exploration ability of middle school science gifted students in hypothesis verification exploration classes emphasizing observation and communication, and students’ perceptions of class from perspective of observation and communication. The class of this study is designed for science gifted students to continue to participate in observation and communication, and through the analysis of the students’ reports submitted after the class, it was confirmed that many science gifted students have low level ability of problem recognition, hypothesis setting, and variable control. However, the scientific gifted students of this study recognized that observation and communication helped to conduct inquiry, and that observation activities helped to understand the characteristics of the study subject and to solve the problem in general. In addition, it was recognized that communication activities helped solve previously unresolved problems because they were able to supplement hypotheses and inquiry methods and broaden their thinking. In addition, students responded that not only the observation and communication activities emphasized in the class of this study, but also hypothesis setting, inquiry design and performance activities had a positive effect on the process of verifying the hypothesis and drawing conclusions.

Impact of the destination image and government policy responsiveness of China on Korean travelers’ destination trust and behaviors in the post-pandemic era

The underlying mechanism of the destination trust of Korean travelers and behaviors toward China after the COVID-19 pandemic is explored in the present study, which considers the role of the destination image constituents and perceived government policy responsiveness for tourism recovery. The data was collected from Korean nationals who are currently residing in South Korea and have traveled to China in the last five years. The results revealed that the developed conceptual framework had a satisfactory level of explanatory ability in regards to predicting the travel and recommendation intentions of Korean travelers toward China, which destination trust serves as the key mediator. Moreover, the perception of Korean travelers in regards to Chinese government policy responsiveness for tourism recovery significantly strengthened the effect of image factors on destination trust. The study also discovered that the importance of image factors varies in regards to the formation of trust and destination behaviors. This research provides significant theoretical insights into the post-health crisis tourism recovery, which emphasizes changes in Korean travel patterns in the aftermath of COVID-19 as well as the wider socio-political environment that influences travel destinations. It also presents useful guidance for Chinese tourism stakeholders in regards to implementing effective recovery strategies that are aimed at the lucrative Korean outbound travel market during the post-COVID-19 pandemic period.

ЭМПАТИЯ КАК ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОСОБЕННОСТЬ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ ПОКОЛЕНИЙ Y И Z В СЕТЕВОМ ОБЩЕНИИ

Communications on the Internet in the last two decades have acquired great importance in the instrumental sense (as a way of transmitting information), in the field of socialization of youth, in solving educational and educational problems. Many scientists have noted positive and negative changes in the consciousness of young people under the influence of Internet socialization. The theoretical aspect of the article presents positions on the topic of cybersocialization, reveals the importance of network communication for young people and the importance of empathy in the structure of communication. The article discusses two generations Y and Z, as well as two mentalities: individualistic and collectivist. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the qualities empathy in two generations Y and Z and identifying the dependence of collectivist or individualistic orientation with the quality of empathy. Empathy is considered from different points of view, including as a basis for more complex constructs and as a determinant of psychological processes. 4 types of empathy are presented according to the theory of Troitskaya E. A.: cognitive, emotional, effective, responsive. The issue of the relationship between empathy and individual psychological characteristics, such as extraversion-introversion, neuroticism, altruism-egoism, and intelligence, is covered. The practical part presents research hypotheses about the quality of empathy among representatives of different generations with an individualistic orientation, and describes the qualitative content of empathy among different generations and orientations. The practical part presents research hypotheses about the quality of empathy among representatives of different generations of an individualistic orientation, and describes the qualitative content of empathy among different generations and orientations. During the study, we used the “Indicators of Individualism - Collectivism” (IK) methods, developed by L. G. Pochebut based on the description of cultural syndromes by G. Triandis and the diagnostic method of the level of empathic abilities of V. V. Boyko, designed to assess the ability to empathize and understand thoughts and the feelings of the other. The results of research demonstrate distinct difference in the quality of empoathy of 2 generations Y and Z of individualistic and collectivistic orientation.

Moderating Effects of Information Literacy Ability in The Relationship Between Resilience and Nursing Management Competency of Nurse Managers in Small and Medium-Sized Hospitals

This study aimed to explore ways to improve the nursing management competency of nurse managers in small and medium-sized hospitals and examine the relationship between variables based on information literacy ability in the structural model linking the resilience of nurse managers and nursing management competency. The data was collected from November 6, 2023, to December 6, 2023, using cluster sampling in four cities with similar urban settings, and surveys were conducted with the consent of nurse managers working in small to medium-sized hospitals with 100 to 300 beds. A total of 207 collected data points were analyzed using the moderating effect technique of structural equation modeling. The hypothesis testing results revealed that nurse managers in small and medium-sized hospitals partially affect on nursing management competency. Furthermore, it was observed that the impact of nurse managers' resilience on nursing management competency varies based on their level of information literacy ability. Therefore, it is recommended that combined training in interpersonal skills and information literacy is offered to develop a competency improvement program for nurse managers in small and medium-sized hospitals.

Factors that Influence PLHIV's Compliance with ARV Therapy in the World Year 2018 – 2022

ARV therapy is important in treating HIV cases. Even though it does not cure, ARVs help suppress the growth of the virus. Adherence to therapy is essential to achieve optimal results. The objective was to decide the components that impact the adherence of PLHIV in ARV treatment. This could be a story writing audit think about conducted by looking at articles through the Science Coordinate and PubMed databases. The catchphrases utilized are Variables impacting adherence to antiretroviral treatment among HIV/AIDS patients, HIV patient adherence to ART, and "adherence" and ART HIV/AIDS patients, with inclusion criteria: Articles published in 2018-2022, published in Indonesian language or English, original research, available in full text. Exclusion criteria: articles published before 2018, review articles, and qualitative studies, do not discuss factors for adherence to ARV therapy. 20 articles satisfy the review criteria, various factors that affect adherence to ARV therapy are socio-demographic factors, clinical factors, therapeutic factors, healthcare facilities factors, and other contextual factors. Poor quality of health services, level of education, younger age, social support, community stigma, COVID-19 pandemic, and ability and understanding of ART act as risk factors for PLHIV’s adherence to ARV treatment. The discoveries of these different variables ended up reference for wellbeing offices to move forward the quality of administrations and public awareness of optimal ARV therapy adherence.

The role of attentional control in moderating attentional bias towards game-related stimuli in individuals with a high tendency for internet gaming addiction.

The aim of this study was to elucidate individual difference factors that modulate the attentional processing of game stimuli to explain the heterogeneity of extant findings. The current study examined whether individual differences in components of attentional control (AC-shifting and AC-focusing) moderated the link between internet gaming addiction symptom and attentional engagement to and disengagement biases from game-relevant cues. A total of 75 male undergraduate students who have played League of Legend (LOL) for more than 2 years completed well-established self-report questionnaires of internet gaming disorder symptoms and attentional control. The attentional bias toward game stimuli was measured for attentional engagement and disengagement using the attentional response to the distal vs. proximal emotional information (ARDPEI) task. The results revealed that attentional control was a significant moderator of the relationship between internet game addiction symptoms and attentional disengagement bias. Further analyses revealed a positive relationship between internet game addiction symptoms and attentional disengagement bias only among those with low levels of AC-shifting ability. Contrary to our expectations, AC-shifting also moderated the relationship between internet gaming disorder and attentional engagement bias. The positive relationship between internet game addiction symptoms and attentional engagement bias only appeared among those with low levels of AC-shifting ability. Individual differences in AC-focusing did not moderate the relationship between internet gaming disorder and any attentional bias. This study confirmed that the greater the symptoms of game addiction, the stronger the attentional bias, especially in individuals with low AC-shifting ability. Therefore, it is necessary to examine sub-factors of AC in understanding the nature of attentional bias mechanisms in the development of internet game addiction and consider it as a psychological intervention to improve attentional bias.

Analysis of Mathematical Literacy Ability Given Students' Mathematical Disposition

The results of the Mathematical Literacy Research discuss Indonesia's involvement in PISA since 2000, which has never experienced a significant increase in ranking until 2018. Even the 2018 PISA results showed that Indonesia was ranked in the bottom 10 in the world with an average score of Indonesian students mathematical literacy of 359, while the average was 489. This study aims to describe the mathematical literacy skills of grade X students in solving PISA questions in terms of mathematical disposition abilities. This study uses a descriptive type of research with a qualitative approach with three instruments to be used in this study, namely a mathematical disposition scale questionnaire, a mathematical literacy test, and interview guidelines. The research instrument was first consulted with the collaborating lecturer. The results of the disposition test from 33 grade X.1 students were then analyzed to determine the grouping of students' mathematical disposition abilities. The mathematical disposition scale is given to students in three groups: high, medium, and low. The subjects of this study were four students in the class with different levels of mathematical disposition abilities. Based on the results of this study, the literacy abilities of students reviewed in mathematical disposition tend to vary. Students with a high level of disposition have better literacy and problem-solving skills than those with a medium or low level of disposition

Elastic resistance exercise effects in gait kinematic characteristics and lower limb functional rehabilitation

Background: Elastic resistance exercise is a popular type of exercise. Elastic bands are widely used in pre-competition preparation and for sports performance improvement. Purpose: The purpose of the present review is the study of the effect using exercise with elastic resistance bands, in walking kinematics and functionality level after surgical repair of low extremity degenerative diseases. Methodology: A systematic literature review was carried out at Advanced Scholar Google, Cochrane, PubMed and Embase databases, a chronological range from 1999 to 2022. Terms used in the search were as follows: “elastic resistance exercise”, “elastic resistance bands”, “Thera-band”, “arthropathy”, “hip replacement”. Results: Systematic elastic resistance exercise in the frame of a rehabilitation program lasting 8-12 weeks, provides results comparable to an isotonic exercise program, using free weights or constant resistance devices. Elastic resistance bands are commonly used for increasing muscle strength and range of motion and also for static and dynamic balance, walking ability and functionality level improvement. Important benefits observed in metabolic biochemical health biomarkers in the elderly.

Research on Marine English Teaching Mode based on Simulator: Innovative Method to Improve Students Practical Ability

With the rapid development of the global shipping industry, navigation English, as an important language of international shipping communication, its teaching quality directly affects the practical working ability of navigation practitioners. This paper discusses the navigation English teaching mode based on simulator, and improves students practical ability by introducing simulator teaching. The research shows that the simulator teaching not only significantly enhances the students language application ability, but also effectively improves their strain ability and operation level in the practical work. This innovative teaching method provides a new way for navigational English teaching, ensuring that students accumulate rich practical experience in a safe environment and laying a solid foundation for their future career development.

Initial Study of Students' Critical Thinking Ability Level and Concept Mastery on Earth Structure Material

Critical thinking and concept mastery is an important ability for every student to have. So, educators need to get information about the level of skills possessed by student. This study aims to describe the initial level of critical thinking skills and mastery of students' concepts, as well as the relationship between critical thinking skills and mastery of students' concepts on earth structure material in class VIII at SMP Negeri 2 Namang. The methodology used in the research is descriptive quantitative, using a critical thinking ability test and concept mastery test, and qualitative, using interviews. Students' critical thinking and concept mastery tests showed an average score of 43.78 and 55.94, with a fairly low category. The average value of the inference indicator was 25.97, and the indicator of making further explanations was 37.01. Both are the lowest indicators that still need to be improved. In contrast, the average value of the strategy and tactics indicator is 73.95, which is in the high category. The significance value obtained is &lt;0.001, which indicates that there is a strong, significant, and directly proportional relationship between critical thinking skills and concept mastery, with a correlation coefficient value of 0.803. The results of the interview show the low enthusiasm of students in learning the structure of the earth due to the lack of a variety of media used and test questions that are not used to being done.

The development of digital educational materials on tribology and their application in the formation of the professional competence of future physics teachers

Tribology, as a science that studies friction in mechanisms and their wear, occupies an important place in the combination of education, science and industry. Therefore, the training of future physics teachers in the field of tribology is one of the urgent issues. The purpose of this study is to increase the effectiveness of teaching in the field of tribology and to evaluate the effectiveness of digital education in forming the professional competencies of students in this field. This research also used the methods of modeling in a digital environment, software and constructive design along with the methods of theoretical analysis. In addition, a pedagogical experiment was conducted in which 86 students participated. The learning outcomes were assessed using questionnaires. As a result of the research, an elective course “Physical Foundations of Tribology” was developed and digital resources for the discipline are included in the educational program. The results showed that the students in these programs have a high level of professional creativity and a positive attitude towards creative educational activities. They are also sufficiently prepared to use digital learning materials for this course (M = 3.89). The educational and methodological test showed how well e-learning resources have been developed to help students master the discipline of tribology at a professional level. This is evidenced by the fact that about 75% of students demonstrated a high level of professional knowledge and abilities. The results of the study are recommended to be used at all stages of training future teachers.