Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Research Articles

Direct-print thermally responsive 4D textiles by depositing PLA on prestretched fabrics

PurposeThis study aims to develop a four-dimensional (4D) textile composite that self-forms upon thermal stimulation while eliminating thermomechanical programming steps by using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technology, and tries to refine the product development path for this composite.Design/methodology/approachPolylactic acid (PLA) printing filaments were deposited on prestretched Lycra-knitted fabric using desktop-level FDM 3D printing technology to construct a three-layer structure of thermally responsive 4D textiles. Subsequently, the effects of different PLA thicknesses and Lycra knit fabric relative elongation on the permanent shape of thermally responsive 4D textiles were studied. Finally, a simulation program was written, and a case in this study demonstrates the usage of thermally responsive 4D textiles and the simulation program to design a wrist support product.FindingsThe constructed three-layer structure of PLA and Lycra knitted fabric can self-form under thermal stimulation. The material can also achieve reversible transformation between a permanent shape and multiple temporary shapes. Thinner PLA deposition and higher relative elongation of the Lycra-knitted fabric result in the greater curvature of the permanent shape of the thermally responsive 4D textile. The simulation program accurately predicted the permanent form of multiple basic shapes.Originality/valueThe proposed method enables 4D textiles to directly self-form upon thermal, which helps to improve the manufacturing efficiency of 4D textiles. The thermal responsiveness of the composite also contributes to building an intelligent human–material–environment interaction system.

Effects of FDM 3D printing parameters on PLA biomaterial components dimensional accuracy and surface quality

Since precise manufacturing is very important in different industries, the produced part surface quality and dimensional accuracy have been brought to attention in recent years. In this regard, in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) as a prototyping method, controlling the process parameters in order to customize the produced part has been a value-added ability which should be considered. Optimizing the process parameters helps to enhance the mentioned products’ properties. In this paper, influential process parameters, including print speed (PS), infill percentage (IP), and nozzle temperature (NT) were selected to examine. That was concluded NT increase from 195°C to 240°C, IP increase from 10% to 50% and PS decrease from 150 to 50 mm/min enhance dimensional accuracy including inner and outer ovality up to 30%, 53%, and 50%, respectively. PS is the most significant parameter on inner and outer ovality by 43.92% and 66.60% contribution, respectively. The density of the FDM part was affected mostly by the IP by 92.94% contribution which leads to the printed part density increment up to 13%. Other parameters have small effect on the density value. According to desirability method, that was resulted NT of 240°C, IP of 50%, and PS of 54 mm/min are the optimum parameters. Besides, verification tests were carried out and a maximum error of 7.5% was reported, which shows optimization confidence. In the following, part geometry influence on the final part surface roughness and dimensional accuracy was examined. The experiments demonstrated that cube geometry has the least surface roughness of 20 µm and dimensional error of 0.17 mm due to the independent motion of the axes. Also cone geometry has the highest dimensional error of 0.32 mm and surface roughness of 51 µm which was due to simultaneous axes motion and lateral face lower than 90°.

Mini Class Blended Wing Body Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Aerostructure Design for Fused Deposition Modelling 3D Printing

Mini Class Blended Wing Body Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Aerostructure Design for Fused Deposition Modelling 3D Printing

Theoretical Model for Carbon Footprint Calculus Based on Energy Consumption for Polymer Additively Manufactured Parts

The environmental sustainability of the additive manufacturing (AM) process has been a trend in recent years. As well as the adoption of the AM process in traditional manufacturing environments to take advantage of the customization offered by this technology. Similar studies proposed the AM environmental sustainble analysis from a life cycle, circular economy and recycled material perspective. This study is centered in the environmental evaluation of the AM process adoption. The aim of this research is to characterize a model to predict the carbon footprint in an additively manufactured piece through the energy consumption in the printing process. Pieces with different shapes and positions were simulated using a printing simulator to test the model in a fused deposition modeling 3D printer and demonstrate the impact of different manufacturing strategies. The results show that the model proposed is capable of estimating the carbon footprint through the printing time and build volume of a given piece and predict the best printing position to diminish the CO2 emission in the process. Moreover, the model proposed allows managers and practitioners to analyze multiple fabrication scenarios for decision-making.

Progress of Polymer-Based Dielectric Composites Prepared Using Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing.

Polymer-based dielectric composites are of great importance in advanced electronic industries and energy storage because of their high dielectric constant, good processability, low weight, and low dielectric loss. FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) is a greatly accessible additive manufacturing technology, which has a number of applications in the fabrication of RF components, but the unavoidable porosity in FDM 3D-printed materials, which affects the dielectric properties of the materials, and the difficulty of large-scale fabrication of composites by FDM limit its application scope. This study's main focus is on how the matrix, filler, interface, and FDM 3D printing parameters influence the electrical properties of FDM-printed polymer-based dielectric composites. This review article starts with the fundamental theory of dielectrics. It is followed by a summary of the factors influencing dielectric properties in recent research developments, as well as a projection for the future development of FDM-prepared polymer-based dielectric composites. Finally, improving the comprehensive performance of dielectric composites is an important direction for future development.

Influence of Building Position and Printing Scheme on Mechanical Properties of Fused Filament Fabrication PLA Specimens

AbstractThe recent improvement of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies has been attracting the industry and research community attention. This paper aims to investigate the influence of building position and printing scheme on the tensile mechanical properties of Tough polylactic acid (PLA) material, manufactured through a fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing – the S5 ProBundle Ultimaker. FDM 3D printing, also known as fused filament fabrication (FFF), is an AM process within the realm of material extrusion. FDM builds parts Layer by Layer by selectively depositing melted material in a predetermined path, and uses thermoplastic polymers that come in the form of filaments. In this paper, AM Tough PLA specimens are manufactured according to ASTM‐D638 requirement considering two different positions on the building plate and two printing schemes. Specimens are tested under static tensile test and the mechanical properties are extracted.

A Methodology to Characterize Structurally the Bonding between Two Parts Made of FDM-3D Printed Dissimilar Materials

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is a common technique used when rapid prototyping is needed to perform a preliminary evaluation of the suitability of a part. For this purpose, several materials, as PLA, ABS, PET-G and others, are easily available in the market along with a wide range of commercial 3D printers at affordable prices. Prototypes manufactured under this technique are usually made of a single material and, for most of the applications, it is enough to fulfill the required specifications. However, the increasing demand for the manufacturing of parts made of more than one material suggests that prototyping via FDM using two dissimilar materials should be assessed to assure that such technique is still acceptable to perform a preliminary evaluation of a part. For this purpose, a methodology using a commercial FDM 3D printer is proposed to characterize the flexural and shear bonding behavior of two dissimilar materials. This methodology implements four steps: The selection of the applicable UNE standards as main reference, the design and manufacture of the test specimens based on these standards, the execution of the structural tests to characterize the behavior of those specimens and the analysis of the test data along with the conclusions. This methodology has been validated using ABS and PLA as base materials. The coherence and accuracy of the results obtained from this specific case substantiate that it is a valid methodology to evaluate the structural behavior of the bonding of two dissimilar materials, beyond PLA and ABS, using commercial and affordable off-the-shelf 3D printers.

Accuracy of FDM PLA Polymer 3D Printing Technology Based on Tolerance Fields

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printers have the highest annual growth of 21.15% in the field of 3D printing. FDM desktop 3D printers account for 23.69% of FDM printers. The major drawback of FDM desktop printers is product accuracy, which is particularly pronounced when dimensionally inaccurate and multi-part printed products need to be fit together into a functional assembly. The research presented in this paper aims to determine the accuracy limits of FDM 3D printers when producing elements for assembly using a 3D printer in a tolerance-fit system. A novel method of computer-aided design (CAD) based on ISO 286 and the systematic calibration procedure of 3D printers were presented to achieve the dimensional accuracy of 3D printed parts. For this purpose, a set of nominal dimensions within the clearance fit was selected, and various CAD models were created according to the ISO 286 system of limits and fits. The CAD Slicer software–3D printer interaction was systematically examined for the best hardware and software features. It was found that the Horizontal Expansion parameter should be 0.0 mm and the Hole Horizontal Expansion parameter should be 0.13 mm. The Linear Advance factor was found to be 25. The measurement results showed that the desired tolerance ranges, system, and type of clearance fit could be achieved with a desktop 3D printer. The roundness tolerance for all clearance fits and shaft tolerance ranges in the hole base system was determined to join the parts into a clearance fit.

Fused-Deposition Modeling 3D Printing of Short-Cut Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced PA6 Composites for Strengthening, Toughening, and Light Weighting.

Additive manufacturing of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been widely used in many fields. However, issues such as inconsistent fiber orientation distribution and void formation during the layer stacking process have hindered the further optimization of the composite material's performance. This study aimed to address these challenges by conducting a comprehensive investigation into the influence of carbon fiber content and printing parameters on the micro-morphology, thermal properties, and mechanical properties of PA6-CF composites. Additionally, a heat treatment process was proposed to enhance the interlayer bonding and tensile properties of the printed composites in the printing direction. The experimental results demonstrate that the PA6-CF25 composite achieved the highest tensile strength of 163 MPa under optimal heat treatment conditions: 120 °C for 7.5 h. This corresponds to a significant tensile strength enhancement of 406% compared to the unreinforced composites, which represents the highest reported improvement in the current field of CFRP-fused deposition 3D printing. Additionally, we have innovatively developed a single-layer monofilament CF-OD model to quantitatively analyze the influence of fiber orientation distribution on the properties of the composite material. Under specific heat treatment conditions, the sample exhibits an average orientation angle μ of 0.43 and an orientation angle variance of 8.02. The peak frequency of fiber orientation closely aligns with 0°, which corresponds to the printing direction. Finally, the study explored the lightweight applications of the composite material, showcasing the impressive specific energy absorption (SEA) value of 17,800 J/kg when implementing 3D-printed PA6-CF composites as fillers in automobile crash boxes.

Permeability and diffusion of tritium in bentonite

Abstract. As a part of the Croatian RD&D (research, development, and demonstration) program within the Program for LILW (low- and intermediate-level waste) and SNF (spent nuclear fuel) disposal, research of permeability and the diffusion of tritium in bentonite was organized, as part of the research of the future engineering barriers for repositories of LILW and SNF. Two types of materials were prepared, namely pure sodium bentonite and a mixture of sodium bentonite (12 %) with quartz sand (88 %). Compaction of materials was conducted with a modified Proctor test, and the apparatus was designed and made at the Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering at the University of Zagreb, utilizing fused deposition modeling 3D printer and PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol) material. Water enriched with 3H has been prepared by dilution of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 3H standard (4926e) to 6 L. The activity of the prepared enriched water was 49 700±180 TU. One part of the device was filled with 3H-free water and the other with 3H-spiked water (0.6 L volume for each part). In total, five devices with bentonite and five devices with a sand–bentonite mixture were prepared this way. The devices were thoroughly sealed to avoid loss of sample and isotopic exchange with the atmosphere and put horizontally in holders. The water for 3H activity measurements was sampled monthly or bimonthly. A total of 8 mL of the sample was taken by syringe and transferred to a measurement vial. Each vial was additionally filled with 12 mL of a scintillator (Ultima Gold LLT, PerkinElmer) and thoroughly mixed. 3H activity was determined by a liquid scintillation counter (LSC; Quantulus 1220) at the Laboratory for Low-level Radioactivities, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb. Due to the penetration of bentonite from the barrier into the water samples, tritium-free water has relatively high activity after 2 months of the experiment (average value was 5560±240 TU). In the final sampling, after a 2-month time span, the activity reached 9670±2490 TU. Later, sampling and measurement were not possible due to the high bentonite amount within the samples. Tritium-free samples from the sand–bentonite mixture device were stable, and the first analyses (1 month after the experiment setup) showed an average activity of 533±31 TU, while the final (5-month time span from the first sampling) average activity was 12 800±3430 TU. The increase in the concentration from the beginning to the end of the experiment was almost exponential. Spiked samples from the bentonite device had an average activity of 36 950±2550 TU at the first sampling and 17 580±13 320 TU after a 1-month time leg. Later, sampling was not possible. Spiked samples from sand–bentonite mixture showed a decrease in tritium activity from the first sampling (43 390±1310 TU) to 27 210±285 TU (5 months after the first sampling). Considering the penetration of bentonite material into the water samples, only the sand–bentonite mixture can be considered for further analyses through the calculation of the diffusion.

Fabrication of Novel Floating 3D-Printed Devices with Adjustable Releasing Channels for Controlled Release

Gastro-retentive drug delivery systems (GRDDS) have been used to improve the therapeutic efficacy of drugs with narrow absorption windows, unstable in alkaline pH, soluble in acidic conditions, and active locally in the stomach. This study aimed to produce a novel floating three-dimensional (3D)-printed device (F3D) from polylactic acid filaments using a fused deposition modeling 3D printer. There were two parts of F3D: a cap with an air chamber for floating property and a body with 6 channels for controlled release. The device was designed to have adjustable channels for the releasing control and gastric retention of Bromhexine, carvedilol, and theophylline. The releasing channels could be adjusted by rotating the base to open or close the number of releasing channels as 3 levels (2, 4, and 6 channels). Morphology, weight variation, ex vivo floating time, and drug release characteristics were examined. The F3D had a smooth texture with a narrow SD value of weight variation and actual size, suggesting that the F3D had high accuracy and consistent fabrication using 3D printing technology. All tablets incorporated F3D was able to float for at least 24 h. Decreasing the number of channels on the devices led to the sustained release of drugs following 2> 4> 6 channels. Hence, F3D could be useful in controlling drug release for various commercial tablets. Keywords: 3D-printed device, Floating device, Fused deposition modeling, Gastroretentive drug delivery systems, controlled release dosage form

Aluminium Matrix Composite Materials Reinforced by 3D-Printed Ceramic Preforms.

This article employed the fused deposition modelling (FDM) method and gas-pressure infiltration to manufacture alumina/AlSi12 composites. Porous ceramic skeletons were prepared by FDM 3D printing of two different alumina powder-filed filaments. The organic component was removed using a combination of solvent and heat debinding, and the materials were then sintered at 1500 °C to complete the process. Thermogravimetric tests and DTA analysis were performed to develop an appropriate degradation and sintering program. Manufactured skeletons were subjected to microstructure analysis, porosity analysis, and bending test. The sintering process produced porous alumina ceramic samples with no residual carbon content. Open porosity could occur due to the binder's degradation. Liquid metal was infiltrated into the ceramic, efficiently filling any open pores and forming a three-dimensional network of the aluminium phase. The microstructure and characteristics of the fabricated materials were investigated using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, computer tomography, hardness testing, and bending strength testing. The developed composite materials are characterized by the required structure-low porosity and homogenous distribution of the reinforcing phase, better mechanical properties than their matrix and more than twice as high hardness. Hence, the developed innovative technology of their manufacturing can be used in practice.

3D Printed Magnetoelectric Composites for Personalized Wearable Multifunctional Sensors.

Traditional fabrication methods for creating flexible magnetoelectric sensors are often laborious and challenging when it comes to personalization. This article employs fused deposition modeling 3D printing technology to produce flexible multifunctional sensors. (0-3) type composite filaments were prepared using polyvinylidene fluoride and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4, abbreviated as CFO). These filaments can be printed into various shapes, exhibiting good mechanical and electrical properties. Crucial parameters, such as different component ratios and CFO particle sizes, were analyzed. This study can serve as a valuable reference for the future development of personalized wearable sensors.

A novel eco-friendly abrasive media based abrasive flow machining of 3D printed PLA parts using IGWO and ANN

PurposeThree-dimensional (3D) printed parts usually have poor surface quality due to layer manufacturing’s “stair casing/stair-stepping”. So post-processing is typically needed to enhance its capabilities to be used in closed tolerance applications. This study aims to examine abrasive flow finishing for 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) parts.Design/methodology/approachA new eco-friendly abrasive flow machining media (EFAFM) was developed, using paper pulp as a base material, waste vegetable oil as a liquid synthesizer and natural additives such as glycine to finish 3D printed parts. Characterization of the media was conducted through thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. PLA crescent prism parts were produced via fused deposition modelling (FDM) and finished using AFM, with experiments designed using central composite design (CCD). The impact of process parameters, including media viscosity, extrusion pressure, layer thickness and finishing time, on percentage improvement in surface roughness (%ΔRa) and material removal rate were analysed. Artificial neural network (ANN) and improved grey wolf optimizer (IGWO) were used for data modelling and optimization, respectively.FindingsThe abrasive media developed was effective for finishing FDM printed parts using AFM, with SEM images and 3D surface profile showing a significant improvement in surface topography. Optimal solutions were obtained using the ANN-IGWO approach. EFAFM was found to be a promising method for improving finishing quality on FDM 3D printed parts.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study is focused on finishing FDM printed crescent prism parts using AFM. Future research may be done on more complex shapes and could explore the impact of different materials, such as thermoplastics and composites for different applications. Also, implication of other techniques, such as chemical vapour smoothing, mechanical polishing may be explored.Practical implicationsIn the biomedical field, the use of 3D printing has revolutionized the way in which medical devices, implants and prosthetics are designed and manufactured. The biodegradable and biocompatible properties of PLA make it an ideal material for use in biomedical applications, such as the fabrication of surgical guides, dental models and tissue engineering scaffolds. The ability to finish PLA 3D printed parts using AFM can improve their biocompatibility, making them more suitable for use in the human body. The improved surface quality of 3D printed parts can also facilitate their sterilization, which is critical in the biomedical field.Social implicationsThe use of eco-friendly abrasive flow finishing for 3D printed parts can have a positive impact on the environment by reducing waste and promoting sustainable manufacturing practices. Additionally, it can improve the quality and functionality of 3D printed products, leading to better performance and longer lifespans. This can have broader economic and societal benefits.Originality/valueThis AFM media constituents are paper pulp, waste vegetable oil, silicon carbide as abrasive and the mixture of “Aloe Barbadensis Mill” – “Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba” powder and glycine. This media was then used to finish 3D printed PLA crescent prism parts. The study also used an IGWO to optimize experimental data that had been modelled using an ANN.

Laser‐Activated Selective Electroless Plating on 3D Structures via Additive Manufacturing for Customized Electronics

AbstractThis work proposes a facile and economical hybrid additive manufacturing (HAM)technology combining fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing and laser‐activated selective electroless plating (ELP) for fabricating full functional end‐use 3D customized electronics. A functional acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) filament doped with dicopper hydroxide phosphate (Cu2(OH)PO4) catalysts is developed for FDM 3D printing. The 3D printed structure is selectively laser‐activated to generate CuI plating seeds on the ABS surface and then electrolessly plated. The poor surface finish, especially the layer lines, is an intrinsic defect of extrusion 3D printing, which not only affected the fabrication quality of the 3D substrates but also the electrical performance of the attached circuitry. Herein, a chemical polishing process based on acetone vapor is explored and characterized to significantly improve the surface quality and thereby the electrical performance of the attached copper layer. In this way, highly conductive metallic circuitry can be freeformly deposited and patterned on the 3D structure which is extremely attractive for customized 3D electronics. To show the application potential of this technology, a 3D conformal 555 timer astable oscillator circuit board and a hot‐wire flowmeter are developed as demonstrators.

OPTIMASI PARAMETER PROSES 3D PRINTING TERHADAP KUAT TARIK FILAMENT PETG MENGGUNAKAN METODE TAGUCHI

3D Printing is the process of making products from a digital design into three-dimensional shapes that can be seen and can be held, and have volume. Where 3D Printer is a technology that has a bright future, even the technology is still growing and supporting humans for technological advancement. 3D Printer Type FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) is very often used because it is easy to print three-dimensional objects at low cost and also filament material that has been widely available. By using the Taguchi method to find out the optimal process parameters, where finding the larger value is better in the results of the tensile test plot means and S/N ratio using analysis software and manual calculations. Using the SOVOL SV06 brand 3D Printer machine and SUNLU brand PETG filaments, it was found that the Print Speed factor or parameter greatly affects the tensile test strength according to ASTM D638 Type IV standards. Where after tensile tests and data processing both manually and with the help of software, the S/N ratio value was found with a sequence of parameters, namely Print Speed (50 mm/s), Layer Height (0.24 mm), Print Temperature (250 °C) and Infill Density (50%).

3D Printed Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Capillaries for Chemiresistive Gas Sensors.

This paper discusses the possible use of 3D fused deposition modeling (FDM) to fabricate capillaries for low-cost chemiresistive gas sensors that are often used in various applications. The disadvantage of these sensors is low selectivity, but 3D printed FDM capillaries have the potential to increase their selectivity. Capillaries with 1, 2 and 3 tiers with a length of 1.5 m, 3.1 m and 4.7 m were designed and manufactured. Food and goods available in the general trade network were used as samples (alcohol, seafood, chicken thigh meat, acetone-free nail polish remover and gas from a gas lighter) were also tested. The "Vodka" sample was used as a standard for determining the effect of capillary parameters on the output signal of the MiCS6814 sensor. The results show the shift of individual parts of the signal in time depending on the parameters of the capillary and the carrier air flow. A three-tier capillary was chosen for the comparison of gas samples with each other. The graphs show the differences between individual samples, not only in the height of the output signal but also in its time characteristic. The tested 3D printed FDM capillaries thus made it possible to characterize the output response by also using an inexpensive chemiresistive gas sensor in the time domain.

Optimization of CBCT data with image processing methods and production with fused deposition modeling 3D printing.

The present study has investigated the effect of the removal of artifacts in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images with image processing techniques to dental implant planning. The aim of this study has been to benefit from the novel image processing techniques and additive manufacturing technologies in order to change the existing approach in the usage of the 3D model in the orthogonal surgery, traumatic cases, and tumor operations and to solve the restrictions in surgical operations. In the study, firstly, 3 × 3, 5 × 5, and 7 × 7 kernel values were determined on the CBCT image data of the patient. The determined kernel values were applied on CBCT images by choosing median, median-mean-Gaussian (MMG), and bilateral filters, which are quite successful in removing noise in medical images. A thresholding process to separate teeth and bones from soft tissue regions on CBCT images, histogram normalization for a balanced color distribution, morphology operations to reduce noise areas, and tooth and bone boundaries were determined as closely as possible to patient anatomy. The original image and the images obtained from image enhancement techniques were compared. Results showed that the 3 × 3 median filtering method from three different kernel values out of three different image processing methods used in the study greatly improved the artifacts. It has also been shown that the availability of image processing and additive manufacturing methods on CBCT images has been shown to be a highly important factor before dental surgery planning.

Glass Fiber Reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composite Gears by FDM 3D Printing

Abstract3D printing of gears via fused deposition modeling (FDM) has been recently introduced as a low‐cost efficient manufacturing method. Different materials have been 3D printed and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) with excellent mechanical properties has been found to be promising. However, 3D printed ABS gears possess a high level of abrasion rate. This paper introduces a new class of ABS‐based gears reinforced by different amounts of milled E‐glass fibers and 3D printed by FDM with acceptable thermo‐mechanical properties and performance. A set of thermo‐mechanical tests is carried out to provide an insight into the influence of adding glass fibers on the glass transition temperature (Tg), hardness and teeth bending strength, teeth failure force, weight lost, abrasion resistance, mechanical wear, and performance of composite gears. The mechanical behaviors of driving and driven gears are examined in high and room temperatures with or without lubrication. Microstructure and gear profile analysis of 3D printed layers, worn surfaces, and fracture locations are also conducted by SEM images and profile projector. The newly developed glass fiber reinforced ABS gears reveal a high level of thermo‐mechanical performance in terms of hardness, mechanical strength, bending force, abrasion and wear resistance compared to pure 3D printed ABS gears.

Effects of Annealing for Strength Enhancement of FDM 3D-Printed ABS Reinforced with Recycled Carbon Fiber.

This study investigates the effect of annealing on the mechanical properties of fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D-printed recycled carbon fiber (rCF)-reinforced composites. In this study, filaments for FDM 3D printers are self-fabricated from pure acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and ABS reinforced with fiber content of 10 wt% and 20 wt% rCF. This study explores the tensile and flexural properties as a function of the annealing temperature and time for the three different fiber content values. In addition, dimensional measurements of the shape changes are performed to determine the suitability of applying annealing in practical manufacturing processes. The results show that annealing improves the mechanical properties by narrowing the voids between the beads, which occur during the FDM process, and by reducing the gaps between the fibers and polymer. Following annealing, the largest tensile and flexural strength improvements are 12.64% and 42.33%, respectively, for the 20 wt% rCF content samples. Moreover, compared with the pure ABS samples, the annealing effect improves the mechanical properties of the rCF-reinforced samples more effectively, and they have higher dimensional stability, indicating their suitability for annealing. These results are expected to expand the application fields of rCF and greatly increase the potential use of FDM-printed parts.