1st Report Research Articles

JECFA 規格と我が国における食品香料化合物実測値の調査研究（第1 報）

JECFA 規格と我が国における食品香料化合物実測値の調査研究（第1 報）

First-line PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors for platinum-ineligible advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC).

432 Background: FDA modified the label for the use of 1st-line pembrolizumab or atezolizumab therapy to PD-L1 high cisplatin-ineligible or platinum-ineligible UC patients (pts) regardless of PD-L1 expression. However, the outcomes when using PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors for platinum-ineligible pts are unclear. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate clinical outcomes with first-line PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors for platinum-ineligible pts with advanced UC in a real-world setting. Methods: We collected data retrospectively from 6 institutions. The following criteria were deemed to render pts platinum-ineligible although physician discretion was also allowed: Cr Cl < 30 ml/min, ECOG-PS 3, Both Cr Cl 30 to < 60 AND ECOG-PS 2. Demographic and clinical variables and outcomes (overall response rate [ORR], overall survival [OS]) were collected. A Cox regression analysis was done to study the association of baseline variables with response and survival. Results: Data were available for 45 pts. Pts received atezolizumab [n = 24], pembrolizumab [n = 11], nivolumab [n = 7] and durvalumab [n = 3]. The mean age was 72.2 (range 45-90) years. The reasons for platinum-ineligibility were: Cr Cl < 30 ml/min (n = 17), ECOG-PS 3 (n = 3), ECOG-PS 2 plus Cr Cl < 60 ml/min (n = 7), elderly with co-morbidities (n = 12), and reason was unavailable for 6 pts. The median OS was 37 weeks (CI 30-80). ORR was 27.3%: Complete response in 3 pts [6.8%], partial response in 9 pts [20.5%], stable disease in 11 pts [25%] and progressive disease in 21 pts [47.7%] and data for 1 patient was unavailable. Toxicity of any grade were seen in 42.2% of pts and Grade ≥3 toxicity in 9 pts’ [20%]. There were no treatment-related deaths. Anemia (HR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.62 - 0.92, P = 0.005) and liver metastasis (HR = 1.17, 95% CI 0.47 - 2.93, P = 0.017) correlated with shorter OS. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the 1st report of efficacy and toxicity of PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors as1st-line therapy for platinum ineligible UC. Data appear comparable to those reported previously in unselected cisplatin-ineligible pts receiving pembrolizumab or atezolizumab in phase II trials. Validation is needed in larger datasets and prospective trials.

Thesis of effects of modified core exercise studies in alzheimer’s patients over 55 years of age on depression, daily life activities and some physical fitness values<p>55 yaş üstü alzheimer hastalarında modifiye core egzersiz çalışmalarının; depresyon, günlük yaşam aktiviteleri ve bazı fiziksel uygunluk değerlerine etkisinin incelenmesi

The aim of this research is examination of effects of modified core exercise studies in Alzheimer’s patients over 55 years of age on depression, daily life activities and some physical fitness values. For the study, the consent form was signed by people who have Alzheimer's 1st and 2nd stage report and their relatives and then modified core exercise studies were applied to Alzheimer’s patients over 55 years of age. There are totally 42 Alzheimer’s patients including experimental (n=21) and control groups (n=21). Control group was only marched and their continuity of daily life activities was observed. Subject group was only made modified core exercises for 1 hour four days a week during a total of 12 weeks. The study was conducted in Gaziantep Moral Home Alzheimer’s Center. The study model consists of pre-test and post-test methods. Weight, height, body mass index and age parameters of the Alzheimer’s patients were determined. Measurements of patients’ reactions, Mini Mental Test Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale, Katz Daily Life Activities Scale, Mini Nutritional Assessment Form and measurements of functional reach flexibility were taken. After 12 weeks at the end of these modified core exercises, the same measurements were taken from both groups. Statistically, there were no significant difference in height, weight and body mass index data of experimental and control groups. According to the study findings, groups created before the research were homogeneous in terms of all measurements apart from functional reach value when pre-test and post-test values of control groups were compared. Before the study, the differentiation (p .05). As a result of experiment, there were significant differences (p 0,05). Calisma bulgularina gore kontrol grubunun on test ve son test degerleri karsilastirildiginda, arastirma oncesinde olusturulan gruplar fonksiyonel uzanma degeri disinda tum olcumler acisindan homojendir. Arastirma oncesinde fonksiyonel uzanma testinde kontrol grubu lehine tespit edilen farklilasma (p .05). Deney sonucunda Katz Gunluk Yasam Aktiviteleri Olcegi, Yesavage Geriatrik Depresyon Skalasi (Kisa Formu) ve Mini Nutrisyonel Degerlendirme Formu skorlarinda deney grubu lehine anlamli farklar ortaya cikmistir (p<.001). Deney grubunun on ve son test olcumu sonucunda grubun sag el reaksiyon (ses) ve sol el reaksiyon (karisik) degerleri (p<.01) ile sag el reaksiyon (karisik) degerlerinde ilerlemeler kaydedilmistir (p<.05). Deney grubunun on ve son test olcumu sonucunda fonksiyonel uzanma, Katz Gunluk Yasam Aktiviteleri Olcegi, Yesavage Geriatrik Depresyon Skalasi (Kisa Formu) ve Mini Nutrisyonel Degerlendirme Formu skorlarinda gelisimler tespit edilmistir (p<.001).Kontrol grubunun on ve son test olcumu sonucunda sag el reaksiyon (isik) degeri (p<.01) ile sol el reaksiyon (isik) ve sag el reaksiyon (ses) degerlerinde gerilemeler tespit edilmistir (p<.05).Kontrol grubunun on ve son test olcumu sonucunda fonksiyonel uzanma ve Yesavage Geriatrik Depresyon Skalasi (Kisa Formu) degerleri (p<.01) ile Egitimsizler icin Standardize Minimental Test ve Mini Nutrisyonel Degerlendirme Formu skorlarinda anlamli dususler kaydedilmistir (p<.05).

Cutting Capability of Microdrills in Nonstep Drilling

There is a high demand for microdrilling processes to drill microholes with diameters equal to or less than 0.2 mm for use in fuel injection nozzles. In this study, nonstep drilling methods are developed for high-efficiency processing. Herein, the effects of the cutting oil supply method and the drill’s feed rate on the developed thrust force and torque during drilling are investigated. Accordingly, it is shown that drop supply of the cutting oil is the optimal method for nonstep drilling because the oil is sucked into the microhole. Furthermore, a high-feed rate is preferred because it produces continuous chips.**This paper is a translation with revision of the paper: M. Uchiyama and N. Sakata, “Cutting capability of micro drills in non-step drilling 1st report: Optimization of cutting oil supply and drill feed,” J. of the Japan Society for Abrasive Technology, Vol.59, Issue 1, pp. 27-31, doi: 10.11420/jsat.59.27, 2015 (in Japanese).

Surgical outcomes of first 50 cases of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy: 1st report in Korea

Surgical outcomes of first 50 cases of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy: 1st report in Korea

Autonomous Traveling Manual Wheelchair (1st report)

Autonomous Traveling Manual Wheelchair (1st report)

Seismic Response Analysis of Unit 1 of Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant During the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Using Three-Dimensional Finite Element Method (1st Report: Development of Analysis Method, Model Construction and Verification of Analysis Performance)

Seismic Response Analysis of Unit 1 of Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant During the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Using Three-Dimensional Finite Element Method (1st Report: Development of Analysis Method, Model Construction and Verification of Analysis Performance)

Linagliptin-related pancreatitis in a diabetic patient with biliary calculus: A case report.

Rationale:Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are commonly used drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. While acute pancreatitis cases induced by saxagliptin, sitagliptin, and vildagliptin (all of which are members of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 group) have been reported, there is no clear evidence suggesting that linagliptin may cause pancreatitis, and information in this regard is limited to a few studies. Moreover, no pancreatitis cases have been reported that were directly associated with linagliptin.Patient concerns:We present a case of linagliptin-related pancreatitis in a 79-year-old male diabetic patient with biliary calculi. The patient, who was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis 4 months after initiating linagliptin 5 mg/d treatment, was admitted to our hospital.Diagnoses:The patient's pancreatic enzymes were high. Ultrasonography showed multiple biliary calculi, and abdominal computed tomography showed edematous pancreatitis.Interventions:Linagliptin was discontinued and clinical improvement was achieved with standard acute pancreatitis treatment.Outcomes:This is the 1st case report suggesting that linagliptin might be associated with the risk of pancreatitis and could be an etiologic cause of pancreatitis, similar to the other members of its group.Lessons:While the results of previous studies stated that there was no data to prove a causal relationship between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and pancreatitis, concerns regarding this subject have continued to arise. Therefore, new and comprehensive studies are needed to determine the long-term effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to shed light on the side effects of these medications.

Colonization and Maintenance of Anopheles belenrae and Anopheles pullus From the Republic Of Korea.

The Anopheles Hyrcanus Group in the Republic of Korea (ROK) consists of 5 morphologically indistinct species that can only be identified with certainty by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 86 bloodfed Anopheles spp. were collected from a cow barn located in the village of Tongilchon near the demilitarized zone in the ROK on June 13, 2016, and sent to the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences in Bangkok, Thailand, where they were identified to species by PCR. The 1st shipment contained 15 An. belenrae and 37 An. pullus females that were used to start the colonies. Parent females that oviposited were identified by PCR for colonization. A higher proportion of F1-F4 females of An. belenrae than An. pullus bloodfed when provided both blood meals on human arms and using a membrane feeding system with human blood. Following blood meals, the females were forced mated for colony maintenance. The mean numbers of eggs oviposited per female for An. belenrae was 127.7 ± 19.3 and for An. pullus was 136 ± 23.6. On average, at 25°C (±2°C) An. belenrae and An. pullus took 15.1 and 16.1 days to develop from egg to adult, respectively. A 2nd group of bloodfed Anopheles spp. was collected at the same location in the ROK on June 24, 2017. This group contained 13 An. belenrae and 27 An. pullus. Similarly, eggs were obtained and adults identified by PCR and then reared to adults and subsequent generations forced mated to members of each of the existing colonies to increase genetic diversity. The colonies were established to evaluate their susceptibility to vector vivax malaria, which is essential to better understand the epidemiology of malaria transmission in Korea. This is the 1st report of colonization of both An. belenrae and An. pullus.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium in a woman of perimenopausal age

Rationale:Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium (PSCCE) is a rare entity, and only sporadic cases have been reported in the literature since the 1st report in 1892. This report describes a case of a perimenopausal woman with PSCCE.Patient concerns:A 47-year-old, human papilloma virus type 16-positive, perimenopausal woman was admitted to our hospital with irregular vaginal bleeding for 6 months and secondary anemia.Diagnoses:The patient was diagnosed with stage IIIc primary and moderately differentiated endometrial squamous cell carcinoma.Interventions:The patient underwent diagnostic curettage twice and cold knife conization (CKC). Following this total abdominal hysterectomy combined with bilateral adnexectomy and pelvic lymph node, dissection was performed. After the surgery, the patient was treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Tumor markers were followed up regularly after the operation to monitor tumor recurrence and therapeutic effect.Outcomes:Ninety-two days after the operation, there was tumor recurrence of the left pelvic cavity and the patient died after 11 months of follow-up.Lessons:Intrauterine pathology after the 1st diagnostic curettage suggests that high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion should make the clinician vigilant and investigate the origin of the lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging scans and tumor markers can be used to confirm the diagnosis as soon as possible and avoid unnecessary interventions like CKC.

폭발강화격벽의 초기구조설계에 관한 연구 - 제2보 : 커튼판 방식 폭발강화격벽의 설계식 개발 -

This study showed the development process of structural design method of BHB(Blast Hardened Bulkhead) which are applicable in preliminary design stage. In the previous 1st report, the simplified structural scantling equations of BHB were formulated theoretically using the modified plastic hinge method supplemented by considering the membrane effects due to large plastic deformation. And the scantling methodology of plate thickness and section area of stiffeners of the curtain plate type BHB was dealt with. In the present 2nd report, derivation process of the correction factors which can adjust the developed scantling equations considering the uncertainties contained in the design parameters was introduced. Considering the actual BHB structures of 3 warship, the correction factors for the developed scantling equations for curtain plate type BHB were derived. Finally the applicability, validity of them and the strategy of future improvement were considered.

폭발강화격벽의 초기구조설계에 관한 연구 - 제1보 : 간이 구조 해석/설계 기법 정식화 -

Internal detonation of a warhead inside a compartment of naval vessel can result in serious blast damages including plastic deformation and rupture of the structural members especially bulkhead due to the huge explosive impact pressure, fragments and high temperature flame. To secure watertight integrity and to prevent the domino-type flooding of neighbouring compartments caused by the rupture of bulkheads, it is necessary to develop the structural design technology of Blast Hardened Bulkheads(BHB) which can resist the blast impact pressure of threatening weapons to increase the survivability of naval vessels. This study dealt with the simplified structural response analysis of BHB under impact pressure of confined explosion and aimed to develop the efficient and rational design method of BHB and joint structures which can be applied at initial design stage. The present 1st report dealt with the phenomena of explosive detonation surveying the preceding experimental/theoretical research and the characteristics of time history of blast pressure including the peak value and duration time were examined. And to predict the large plastic deformation behaviors of BHB by the huge blast pressure reasonably, the plastic hinge method including the membrane effects was formulated. It was applied to the simplified structural design equations. The following report will deal with the application and adjustment process of the structural scantling equations to the actual BHB design and verification of validity of them.

食物アレルギー児を持つ母親のQOL,育児ストレス,食生活負担に関する検討(第1報)

食物アレルギー児を持つ母親のQOL,育児ストレス,食生活負担に関する検討(第1報)

Fact-finding Survey on Marine Engine Plant Management of Ocean-going Merchant Ships - 1st Report: What Should be Improved to Enable Autonomous Ship Operations?

Fact-finding Survey on Marine Engine Plant Management of Ocean-going Merchant Ships - 1st Report: What Should be Improved to Enable Autonomous Ship Operations?

Elastic MCF Rubber with Photovoltaics and Sensing for Use as Artificial or Hybrid Skin (H-Skin): 1st Report on Dry-Type Solar Cell Rubber with Piezoelectricity for Compressive Sensing.

Ordinary solar cells are very difficult to bend, squash by compression, or extend by tensile strength. However, if they were to possess elastic, flexible, and extensible properties, in addition to piezo-electricity and resistivity, they could be put to effective use as artificial skin installed over human-like robots or humanoids. Further, it could serve as a husk that generates electric power from solar energy and perceives any force or temperature changes. Therefore, we propose a new type of artificial skin, called hybrid skin (H-Skin), for a humanoid robot having hybrid functions. In this study, a novel elastic solar cell is developed from natural rubber that is electrolytically polymerized with a configuration of magnetic clusters of metal particles incorporated into the rubber, by applying a magnetic field. The material thus produced is named magnetic compound fluid rubber (MCF rubber) that is elastic, flexible, and extensible. The present report deals with a dry-type MCF rubber solar cell that uses photosensitized dye molecules. First, the photovoltaic mechanism in the material is investigated. Next, the changes in the photovoltaic properties of its molecules due to irradiation by visible light are measured under compression. The effect of the compression on its piezoelectric properties is investigated.

Intelligent Air Management for Ultimate Flexibility of Ship Propulsion Plant Operation - 1st Report: Experiment and Simulation

Intelligent Air Management for Ultimate Flexibility of Ship Propulsion Plant Operation - 1st Report: Experiment and Simulation

Role of sizing agent in E-glass fiber for SMC (1st Report: Basic Theory of Prevention of Fluff Generation)

Role of sizing agent in E-glass fiber for SMC (1st Report: Basic Theory of Prevention of Fluff Generation)

Partial Cystectomy of Paraganglioma of the Urinary Bladder Before Living Kidney Transplantation: Case Report

BackgroundParaganglioma (extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma) of the bladder is a very rare disease, accounting for 0.06% of all bladder tumors. Optimal management of bladder paraganglioma before kidney transplantation is unknown. We report a case of partial cystectomy for urinary bladder paraganglioma before living kidney transplantation. Case PresentationA 59-year-old man with a 27-year history of hemodialysis was referred to our department for further examination of a bladder tumor detected during pre-transplantation testing. Cystoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor on the right side of the bladder. The patient experienced a hypertensive crisis during transurethral resection of the bladder tumor. Endocrinologic and pathologic examinations confirmed the diagnosis of paraganglioma in the urinary bladder. A partial cystectomy was performed before kidney transplantation. Nine months after partial cystectomy, the patient underwent AB0-incompatible living kidney transplantation from his spouse. No disease recurrence or graft rejection was observed 12 months after the transplantation. ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the 1st report on the management of paraganglioma in the urinary bladder before living kidney transplantation. Kidney transplantation after partial cystectomy is an option that may be considered in patients with paraganglioma of the urinary bladder, with careful observations of bladder function and vesicoureteral reflux to the grafts.

変動荷重下における鋼材の応力-歪応答と疲労強度に関する研究 (その1)

変動荷重下における鋼材の応力-歪応答と疲労強度に関する研究 (その1)

A New Approach to Damage Stability Rule : 1st Report : Discussion on the present rules and the concept of the new approach

A New Approach to Damage Stability Rule : 1st Report : Discussion on the present rules and the concept of the new approach