Zoledronic Acid Nanoliposomes Affect the Proliferation and Drug Resistance of Retinoblastoma by Regulating Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignant tumor in children. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the molecular mechanism of RB progression. This research explores the anti-tumor effects and specific mechanisms of zoledronic acid nanoliposomes (ZA) in retinoblastoma. Different concentrations of ZA (5, 10, 20 μmol/L) interfered with WERI-RB-1 and Y79 retinoblastoma cell lines, with flow cytometry being used to detect cell apoptosis and CCK-8 to detect cell proliferation. Transwell detects changes in cell migration and invasion. RT-PCR detects the changes in the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. RT-PCR detection and Western bolt detection of NF-κB changes. The higher the ZA concentration compared to the control group, in a concentration-dependent relationship, the weaker the cell proliferation and the stronger the apoptosis. In a concentration-dependent relationship, transwell showed that the higher the ZA concentration, the weaker the cell invasion and migration than the control (all P <0.05). After ZA intervention, Bax and Caspase-3 expressions were accelerated, Bcl-2 was abated. NF-κB was downregulated after ZA intervention. The test results showed that NF-κB was significantly increased in tissue specimens. ZA has a significant inhibitory effect on tumor malignant biological behavior in retinoblastoma, promotes the apoptosis of retinoblastoma cells, and inhibits their proliferation, migration, and invasion. The specific mechanism may be achieved by inhibiting NF-κB expression.