Yield and quality of sunflower hybrid seeds NK Condi under different cultivation technologies

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To determine the influence of plant protection products and fertilizers on the yield and quality of sunflower hybrid NK Kondi seeds. Methods. The research was conducted at the SFH “Golden Ear” in the Chortkiv district of the Ternopil region. The study examined the mid-ripening sunflower hybrid NK Kondi and 3 schemes of application of plant protection products, fertilizers, and growth stimulants: 1) Verno FG (0.5 kg/ha) + Nordox 75 WG (0.3 kg/ha); 2) Verno FG (0.5 kg/ha), Mira, RK (0.75 l/ha) + Nordox 75WG (0.3 kg/ha), Mira, RK (0.75 l/ha); 3) Nordox 75WG (0.3 kg/ha) + Nordox 75WG (0.3 kg/ha). The products were applied twice, at the 4–6 leaf stage and at the bud stage. Control – standard cultivation technology, including the application of plant protection products (fungicides and insecticides) and plant growth regulator. Results. The study showed that the highest quality and yield of sunflower seeds were found in the variant with the twice application of the contact fungicide Nordox 75. The lowest yield was recorded in the control variant – 2.9 t/ha, and the highest in the variant with the application of the contact fungicide Nordox 75, with a consumption rate of 0.3 kg/ha – 3.94 t/ha. The oil content in the variants using micro-fertilizer Verno FG, contact fungicide Nordox 75, and growth stimulator Mira RK ranged from 52.0 to 53.6%, corresponding to class 1 of sunflower seed quality according to DSTU 7011:2009. It is worth noting that the twice application of the contact fungicide Nordox 75 in the 4–6 leaf and bud stages contributed to a 9% increase in oil yield compared to the control variant. The quality indicator of sunflower seeds - the acid number of the oil in all study variants varied from 4.1 to 4.8 mg KOH/g. The weight of 1000 seeds also depended on the cultivation variant. With the twice application of the contact fungicide Nordox 75, seeds with the highest weight of 1000 seeds were obtained – 71.9 g, and the control had the lowest – 66.8 g. The germination energy of the investigated sunflower seeds ranged from 94 to 96%, and similarity ranged from 95 to 97%. Conclusions. The research results justify the conclusion that high yield and quality of sunflower seeds can be achieved through intensive cultivation technologies, which include the use of chemical plant protection products, fertilizers, and plant growth stimulants. The obtained data regarding the yield level and quality indicators of sunflower hybrid NK Kondi seeds indicate the prospects of its cultivation in the Western Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine.