Yield and quality of spring cereals depending on cultivation conditions

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to identify the optimal sowing time and the predecessor to obtain high-quality grain of spring durum wheat and spring barley in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. Object of study: varieties of spring durum wheat – Jemchujina Sibiri and Omskij corund; varieties of spring barley – Omskij 90 and Beatrice. The sowing was held on May 7, 14, 21, 28 and June 4. The biochemical assessment of grain quality indicators included the content of raw gluten, protein, starch, crude fat, grain hardness, grain unit. The fallow sowing of spring durum wheat on May 7 increased the values of the thousand grain weight, grain hardness, gluten, protein, color of dry pasta; when sowing from May 14 to 28 – yields, grain unit, color of dry pasta for cereals. For spring barley, an increase in yield and protein content was observed during sowing on May 14; during sowing on June 4 – protein and oil content. Fallow sowing made it possible to increase yield and grain quality both in varieties of spring durum wheat and spring barley.