Abstract
Abstract For the measurement of flow-induced microrotations in flows utilizing the depolarization of phosphorescence anisotropy, suitable luminophores are crucial. The present work examines dyes of the xanthene family, namely Rhodamine B, Eosin Y and Erythrosine B. Both in solution and incorporated in particles, the dyes are examined regarding their luminescent lifetimes and their quantum yield. In an oxygen-rich environment at room temperature, all dyes exhibit lifetimes in the sub-microsecond range and a low intensity signal, making them suitable for sensing fast rotations with sensitive acquisition systems.
Highlights
In the field of Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV), stained Rhodamine B particles are commonly used (Raffel et al, 2018)
For the novel measurement method to be applied, it would be convenient to have phosphorescent particles that could be used in an existing PIV setup with only minor modifications
In the case of Eosin Y (EY) and Erythrosine B (EB), the heavy ions bromine and iodine enable a higher phosphorescent quantum yield compared to Rhodamine B (RB)
Summary
In the field of Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV), stained Rhodamine B particles are commonly used (Raffel et al, 2018). A method for the measurement of flow-induced rotations of nanoparticles has been proposed (Schmidt, 2021). For the novel measurement method to be applied, it would be convenient to have phosphorescent particles that could be used in an existing PIV setup with only minor modifications. Rhodamine B (RB) and other species of the xanthene group like Eosin Y (EY) and Erythrosine B (EB) exhibit phosphorescence at different levels of efficiency (Benkovics et al, 2017; Bowers & Porter, 1967; Eads et al, 1984; Parker & Hatchard, 1961). Xanthene dyes can form supramolecular complexes with cyclodextrins (Hartmann et al, 1996), potentially altering their luminescent properties. In combination with the molecular rotor 9-(2-carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)julolidine (CCVJ), cyclodextrins have been successfully applied to alter the fluorescence lifetime (Schmidt et al, 2017; 2021). The potential influence of these nanocavities is to be investigated
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