Wpływ olejku jodłowego (Abietis aetheroleum) na grzyby drożdżopodobne z rodzaju Candida

Abstract

Introduction. Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) grows in mountainous areas all over Europe. The tree reaches a height of 40 to 60 m. Essential oils obtained from the needles, cones and fir wood by steam distillation differing in composition. The oil obtained from the needles mainly contains L-α-pinene, L-limonene, santene, L-bornyl acetate and laurel aldehyde. In the oil obtained from cones L-limonene, L-α-pinene, borneol and L-bornyl acetate dominated. Fir oil has antioxidant, disinfecting and antiseptic properties. Aim. The aim of the research was to determine the activity of fir oil against yeast-like fungi. Material and methods. 61 strains of yeast-like fungi isolated from the oral cavity and 9 reference strains were used for the study. Susceptibility of yeast-like fungi to fir oil was determined by serial dilution in Sabouraud agar. The inoculum containing 105 CFU/drop was transferred with a Steers replicator to agar plates. The concentrations of the tested oil (Semifarm, Gdańsk) were 20.0, 15.0, 10.0, 7.5, 5.0 and 2.5 mg/ml. The oil-free agar was used to control the growth of the strains. Incubation was carried out in aerobic conditions at 37°C for 24-48 hours. The lowest concentration of oil that completely inhibited the growth of yeast-like fungi was assumed as the MIC. Results. The results of the research carried out indicate that fir oil showed moderate activity against fungi tested. Concentrations in the range ≤ 5.0-7.5 mg/ml inhibited the growth of 10 (16.3%) strains. However, 7.5-15.0 mg/ml of the oil was active against 48 (78.7%) strains. Only 3 (5%) strains were sensitive to 20.0 mg/ml oil or more. The C. utilis strains turned out to be the most sensitive (MIC = 2.5 mg/ml). Higher concentrations (≤ 2.5-10.0 mg/ml) inhibited the growth of C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis. C. krusei and C. kefyr strains were sensitive to 5.0-15.0 mg/ml of oil, C. guilliermondii to 7.5-10.0 mg/ml, C. lusitaniae to 7.5-≥ 20.0 mg/ml and C. humicola to 15.0 mg/ml. The oil was less active against C. tropicalis (MIC ≤ 2.5-≥ 20.0 mg/ml). Conclusions. Fir oil showed the greatest activity against strains of yeast-like fungi of the C. utilis species. C. glabrata strains were characterized by moderate susceptibility. The oil showed moderate activity against C. albicans, which is often involved in infections.