Abstract
As literary texts are considered as a free area of imagination, which often reflect women's reactionary or progressive perceptions, their analysis is one of the best opportunities for the construction of cultural, social, psychological, historical images. Until the 1930-ies the traditional role of women was determined by the male construction: the woman is a mother and wife and is associated to domestic work and taking care of household. The main success of the woman was considered to get marriage and have children. However, the economic crisis caused by the Second World War and the need for women's resources changed the discourse and made the identity of the women of the time of war more complex: the woman undertook multiple role: feminine, working like man, spouse, ideal housewife. Poetic texts by two German female authors – Ingeborg Bachmann, Ilse Aichinge and by two Georgian female authors –Lia Sturua and Iza Orjonikidze were chosen as the objects of this study. As the historical contexts of Georgian and Austrian literature of the twentieth century reveal some similarities, such as the annexation, the Anschluss, a small country with a glorious past, a small county with a large neighbour etc., these similarities outlined the object of this study. The analysis of poetic texts by Georgian and Austrian female authors revealing on the one hand, contemporary and historical peculiarities of feminine narrative, and on the other hand, contrasts in cultural contexts, allow us to demonstrate and establish their national, individual and historical characteristics. The comparative analysis of the feminine narrative of the twentieth-century may also reveal sub-alternate status and marginalized role of women in the totalitarian regime.
Highlights
Modern feminist theories focus on the discrimination against women and emotional and psychological deficit in their lives, but on discovering, analysing and interpreting positive potential in women’s thought and individual, new concepts of perception of the universe and reality
Until the 1930-ies the traditional role of women was determined by the male construction: the woman is a mother and wife and is associated to domestic work and taking care of household
The economic crisis caused by the Second World War and the need for women's resources changed the discourse and made the identity of the women of the time of war more complex: the woman undertook multiple role: feminine, working like man, spouse, ideal housewife
Summary
Modern feminist theories focus on the discrimination against women and emotional and psychological deficit in their lives, but on discovering, analysing and interpreting positive potential in women’s thought and individual, new concepts of perception of the universe and reality. The economic crisis caused by the Second World War and the need for women's resources changed the discourse and made the identity of the women of the time of war more complex: the woman undertook multiple role: feminine, working like man, spouse, ideal housewife. Men could participate in political events, drive and observe world change This is clearly exemplified by the fact that the events of the 1930-ies - Hitler’s rise to power and Spanish Civil War - led Virginia Woolf, Storm, Naomi Mitchison write their novels and essays on political and internal conflicts in Fascism. New discourse emerges in feminist thought – the woman is no longer associated to a pretty body, but is related to the mind that feels irrationality of war and the destructive power of totalitarian regimes
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