Winter wheat varieties with group disease resistance for Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

Purpose. To analyze prospective winter wheat varieties for resistance to pathogens of major diseases and to identify resistant ones among them. Methods. The research was conducted according to common techniques in conditions of artificial inoculation with pathogens in field infectious nurseries and laboratory conditions. Assessment of winter wheat plant resistance to pathogens was carried out in dynamics (to study the disease progress), mark during period of maximum disease development was principal. Results During 2016-2017, 143 winter wheat varieties from different breeding institutions of Ukraine were studied on separate artificial infectious backgrounds. It is shown that weather conditions significantly influence on wheat disease progress. There were identified varieties being resistant to individual and group of diseases. Resistance against three diseases was demonstrated with Sotnytsia, Karmen, Kalancha originated from Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics (IPPG), Zaporuka, Zadumka Odeska (Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute (PBGI)), Vidradna (Bila Tserkva Experimental Breeding Station (BTs EBS)), Zapashnyi, Ovidiy (Рlant Production Institute nd. a. V. Ya. Yuryev (IPP)); resistance against four diseases was demonstrated with Spasivka, Lymarivna, Slavna (IPPG), Natalka (IPPG, the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat (MIW), Lastivka, Kniahynia Olga, Krasen, Selianka (PBGI), Lybid (BTs EBS), Olzhana (IPP). For resistance against 5 diseases the varieties Voloshkova (MIW, IPPG), Smuhlianka (IPPG, MIW), Zhuravka Odeska (PBGI) were identified. Conclusions. In order to identify effective sources of resistance against pathogens of major diseases, resistance of winter wheat varieties bred at different breeding centers of Ukraine on separate artificial infectious backgrounds of these pathogens was tested. Depending on the weather conditions, the disease progress level varied. Among the samples studied, the varieties with group resistance against common bunt, root rot, Fusarium head blight, powdery mildew, brown rust, and Septoria leaf blotch in various combinations were found. The sources of resistance identified are recommended as initial material to be used in breeding programs for creation of modern high-yielding bread winter wheat varieties with increased disease resistance.