Winter wheat seed treatment

Abstract

Problem statement. The article presents the results of research on the peculiarities of post-harvest and pre-sowing winter wheat seed treatment using a modern technological line.
 Methods. Laboratory, measuring and weighing, mathematical and statistical.
 Results. Pre-sowing seed treatment is carried out in three stages: primary cleaning of small and large impurities and small seeds of the main crop, pre-sowing preparation — calibration of seeds by size, aerodynamic properties and specific weight in order to improve seed quality and final treatment with insecticides, fungicides and other substances for protection seddlings from pests and diseases. The technological line for the preparation of seeds of agricultural crops, which was installed at the Research Agricultural Production Institute of the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, provided a yield of conditioned winter wheat seeds of 84–92.4%, depending on varietal characteristics. Seed yield differed by variety. The highest yield was obtained by pre-sowing seed treatment of the ‘Darynka Kyivska’ variety — 92.4%, and the lowest with Horodnytsia’ and ‘Novosmuhlianka’ varieties — 84.0%. Conclusions. Pre-sowing seed treatment on the technological line with a small waste, which was an average of 13.3% for varieties, ensured obtaining of five batches of seeds, which in terms of germination rate exceeded the requirements of the current standard by 4%, as well as an increase in the 1000 kernel weight to 44.0 grams.