"While Everyone Else was Doing Sports, I Used to Sit on the Sidelines." How Do Adolescents Manage Their Asthma?: A Qualitative Study.

Abstract

Effective asthma management is a necessity for the control and optimal outcomes of the condition. A number of factors may either facilitate or act as barriers to the management of asthma in adolescents. The objective of this study was to assess the feelings, thoughts, and behaviors of adolescents diagnosed with asthma regarding the management of their condition. This exploratory qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 12 adolescents aged 12-18 years who were followed up with a diagnosis of asthma at a university hospital pediatric allergy clinic between October 15 October 2023, and December 15 December 2023. The study was written using the COREQ checklist. Three main themes were identified in this study: (1) facilitators, (2) barriers, and (3) information. Adolescents reported that they needed more information about medication use and asthma disease to manage asthma. Asthma control ability, positive beliefs, and supportive relationships were facilitators of asthma management. However, poor asthma control, negative beliefs, lack of support, poor communication, and asthma-related stigma were identified as barriers to asthma self-management. Adolescents had information needs in asthma management. This study highlights that barriers to asthma self-management in adolescents are much greater than the facilitators. For adolescents to manage their asthma well, their information needs must be met. Therefore, pediatric nurses should prepare individualized training to meet the specific needs of adolescents.