Abstract
Management and treatment of asthma in adolescents and adults is directed toward achieving disease control, which includes regulation of impairments and future risks. Guidelines for asthma management provide an evidence-based, step-care approach to reach the goal of asthma control and focus on a directed use of relievers (bronchodilators) and/or controllers (largely antiinflammatory). For the initial step-care levels of treatment, steps 1 to 3, this approach is largely effective and achieves asthma control. When control is not achieved, it reflects the known heterogeneity of asthma both in terms of disease characteristics and variability in responsiveness to existing treatment. The availability of biologics is beginning to overcome this unmet need and is for use primarily in patients with severe asthma. Current biologics are primarily directed toward modifying the T2 pathway of inflammation, guided by the presence of biomarkers, and effects are noted in exacerbation reductions as well as improved symptom control and lung function.
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