Abstract
This paper presents the concept of a non-invasive method for assessing the wheel rim state to determine its technical status. The research procedure includes an analysis of the wheel rim frequency spectrum in a trial at a diagnostic station, which involves applying vibration forces with specific parameters on the wheel rim. The distribution of the wheel rim’s natural frequencies in rotation angle and unbalanced value with its positioning and radial run-out and axial run-out for the wheel rim bead in relation to the wheel disc centring hole on the internal and external wheel rim surfaces, are established based on the analysis and calculations. These parameters also serve to determine the condition of joints (fusion-welded, pressure-welded, etc.) and to identify the cracks or loss of integrity in the wheel rim structure. This method can be applied for tests of both new wheel rims during the quality control and used rims used for passenger cars, special vehicles and slow-running vehicles.
Highlights
Cold-formed sections are the most commonly used structural elements in engineering and technology, for instance, in simple constructions for manometric connectors on pipelines, photovoltaic or solar panel installation systems and traffic signs or banner ad holders
Technical referees during Indy Car or F1 races require the teams to comply with strict standards for new wheel rims and to monitor the period in which the wheel rims are in operation
According to the developed method, the objective of diagnostic studies was to identify the following wheel rim parameters: loss of integrity or structural cracks that are assessed based on changes in stiffness and/or wheel rim damping for fusion-welded, pressure-welded, glued or riveted connections made of steel, steel cast or aluminium; geometrical parameters, such as radial run-out and axial run-out for the wheel rim bead in relation to the wheel rim cantering hole; dynamic parameters: balance quality factor, i.e. identifying the heaviest and lightest side of the wheel rim and its marking
Summary
Cold-formed sections are the most commonly used structural elements in engineering and technology, for instance, in simple constructions for manometric connectors on pipelines, photovoltaic or solar panel installation systems and traffic signs or banner ad holders. The teams monitor the total number of driving hours for individual wheel rims and check their geometrical parameters before each assemblage They use ultrasound and penetration methods to detect cracks and structural changes that are invisible to the naked eye. A similar rule applies to road races the limitations to the period in operations are not that restrictive Such rigorous control procedures are uncommon among users and in the legal regulations on the vehicles involved in standard road traffic. The proposed methodology can be used to determine the optimal diagnostic signals and features that, after disassembling, help to identify the types and nature of damage to the1wheel rims that occurred during operation, whereas in the future it will be applied to diagnose the complete wheel on the vehicle with the principles of the SHM (Structural Health Monitoring) philosophy
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