Abstract
The aim of this article is to describe semantic relations in the prepositions and the cognitive structures and mechanisms that contribute to the extension of the semantic networks of prepositions. The object of the study is cognitive structures and mechanisms, which we can see in grammar. The subject of the study is semantic networks of the Ukrainian prepositions vid and do. The primary prepositions provide such cognitive mechanisms as conceptual integration, metaphor and metonymy. The preposition do have more extensive semantic network. It has anthropocentric grounds as human orientation and direction of his/her movement physically is easier to identify on the basis of the opposed objects. In human perception of the world the source point is the very person, who requires profiling less often. The static↔dynamic opposition usually becomes relevant because of the context, but is not part of the conceptual content of preposition; therefore the category of goal is not crucial for prepositions.
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