Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is tremendous medical burden especially in developing countries. Various immunological tests are available for diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Western blot method is proven to be promising for Precise, easy reading, sensitive and specific detection of H. pylori infections, besides it also permits the detection for the different virulence factors of CagA / VacA positive strains (type I). The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of commercial Western Blot (WB) method in the serological diagnosis of H. pylori infections against the H. pylori Ag in stool (HpSAg) using commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) in adult dyspeptic Egyptian patients. Also we investigated the prevalence of virulence factors, cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) in the infected patients. Samples from 46 adult dyspeptic Egyptian patients were tested by the two methods. WB test gave accurate confirmed result with (82.6% accuracy and 89.5% sensitivity) compared to HpSAg test. Also the results indicated a high seroprevalence of cagA- and vacA-positive virulent H. pylori type I strains in adult infected population indicate that such strains may be common in this population and responsible for the majority of H. pylori infection among adult Egyptians. We concluded that WB method could be useful for the confirmatory detection of antibody profiles to H. pylori antigens and virulence factors in adult Egyptian patients.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 352-358
Highlights
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a recognized gramnegative, spiral-shaped gastrointestinal bacterium pathogen with world-wide distribution
We investigated the frequency of occurrence of serological markers of H. pylori virulence factor(s) of type I H. pylori strains in adult Egyptian patients
About 9% was positively detected by H. pylori line while showed negative results by HpSAg, which may related to the nature of method itself as the Western blot test seems to be more sensitive than enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) especially with low levels of antibodies as individual bacterial proteins are better exposed (Nilsson et al, 1997)
Summary
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a recognized gramnegative, spiral-shaped gastrointestinal bacterium pathogen with world-wide distribution. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about two-thirds of the world’s population harbors the bacterium, with much higher infection rates in developing countries than in developed nations. Classified by World Health Organization (WHO) as a class I carcinogen, H. pylori is considered a serious medical issue especially in developing countries. In Egypt, several studies indicated that H. pylori infection is highly endemic in Egypt with higher rate in rural areas and increasing trend in older ages. The studies suggested the relation between the H. pylori infection and progression of liver fibrosis due to Hepatitis C virus (HCV) (Ragheb et al, 2012; Rocha et al, 2005; Mohammad et al, 2008)
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