Ways to solve the problems of solid waste disposal in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Ugra

Abstract

Recent changes in environmental legislation highlighted the need to find ways to solve the problems of organizing the collection of municipal waste, its secondary use and recycling. Depending on the geographic, climatic, economic and resource features of each region, ways to solve these problems may vary significantly. The article, using the example of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Ugra, assesses the resource of existing landfills for the disposal of municipal solid waste, as well as the degree of provision of the district with enterprises for the collection and processing of secondary material resources. It has been formulated the main reasons of measures failure to form an ecological worldview among the population of the district. During the study, the authors conducted a survey of Surgut citizens to assess their readiness for the implementation of separate waste collection. The survey results showed that most of the population is potentially ready to waste sorting. A rational method was proposed for organizing the selective collection of municipal waste, as well as ways to minimize the amount of certain fractions. The article considers the possibilities of recycling individual components of the waste, taking into account the specifics and needs of the northern region. The authors proposed such methods of processing certain fractions of municipal waste that allow you to get products that are most in demand in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. Based on the assessment results of the morphological composition of the district’s municipal solid waste, it is proposed to recycle the organic part of the waste by composting, the product of which will be in demand as organic fertilizer in greening urban areas. It is proposed to recycle paper waste into ecowool, followed by use as insulation of residential buildings. In addition, this processing product can be claimed as a sorbent in the liquidation of oil spills, which take place due to the specifics of the region.