The use of information technology for analysis and prediction of climate changes

Abstract

The article provides a brief overview of the issue of global warming and the factors that influencing climate change. The relevance of the research lies in the need for a comprehensive analysis of climate data and prediction of further trends, both in the short term and the long term, as climate affects evolutionary processes, biosphere balance, the availability of resources essential for the functioning of the technosphere, the amount of primary production produced by producers, all of which collectively ensure the existence of human civilization. Significant fluctuations in the climate, both towards warming and cooling, can disrupt stability and lead to the destruction of the technosphere, economic and social upheavals. The research is based on previous studies conducted using data from 1 100 meteorological stations in Australia, which showed the need to revise the approach to grouping monitoring stations: trends in average temperature changes across the continent, and monitoring stations grouped according to their distance from the coast, showed a general synchronicity of warming and cooling periods, but different dynamic patterns in recent decades. It was decided to study the climate data of one state (Victoria) and compare the results with previous studies. Python programming language packages were used for data processing, analysis, visualization, and forecasting. Data from two monitoring stations in cities located in the south and north of the state were separately analyzed, showing a general trend of slight warming. The trend in temperature changes in the state showed a pattern different from the continental dynamics obtained in previous studies, which confirmed the validity of the chosen approach to studying the climate on the continent. Based on the information obtained, the average temperature was predicted for both the entire state and selected cities.