Ways to reduce the determinism of speeds in tillage machine-tractor units

Abstract

Relevance. One of the main factors in increasing the productivity of machine-tractor units (MTU) is the speed of translational motion. In most cases, the arable MTU have a rigid connection between the components. With the growth of translational motion, energy costs change with a positive acceleration due to an increase in the strength characteristics of the soil. The purpose of the research is to find ways to reduce the determinism of the speeds of the components of the machine-tractor unit, to develop estimated indicators of the determinism of speeds, kinematic analysis of the combined tillage working organ-mechanism.Methods. The research methodology is based on a systematic analysis of factors that have a causal relationship with the quality and energy performance of machinetractor units. The arable layer is considered as a three-phase medium. The kinematic analysis was carried out by methods of theoretical mechanics. The traction resistance is determined in the conditions of the soil channel.Results. The technological parameters of the operating modes, speed, depth of the tillage working bodies, the direction of movement along the slope can be changed within limited mutually dependent limits corresponding to agrotechnical, environmental, operational requirements and safety requirements of the MTU personnel. Estimated indicators of the determinism of speeds are proposed: kinematic transformation of the cutting angle, the quality of crumbling, the maximum of the driving force with a minimum of power for the work of the working bodies-movers. A combined tillage working organ-mechanism has been developed for undercover loosening as part of a cutting knife and a spring mole, self-adapting to changes in the longitudinal hardness of the soil. The results of kinematic analysis and experimental studies of a mock-up sample of a working organ in the conditions of a soil channel confirmed the self-oscillatory nature of the movement of the spring mole. Automatic maintenance of the necessary degree of determinism of speeds helps to reduce the energy intensity of the crevice process with simultaneous mowing.