Ways to improve the quality of training specialists in postgraduate studies

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis and generalization of the procedures for training postgraduate specialists. Particular attention is focused on the most important functions of postgraduate studies and ways to improve its effectiveness. The role and place of postgraduate studies in the system of higher education is characterized on the basis of a retrospective analysis of the development of the system in recent decades.
 The study is based on the analysis of current legal acts that determine the procedures for the training of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel in graduate school. The main requirements for the preparation of postgraduate students are presented in accordance with the new legislation, which makes it possible to consider the pre-defense of a dissertation as the end of postgraduate studies. The concept of institute of scientific postgraduate studies is defined, the conditions for the formation, abolition and restoration of such a scientific phenomenon in the system of higher education are formulated. There are highlighted the key requirements for an organization that implements postgraduate programs in terms of its scientific and educational activities, as well as changes in the requirements for scientific supervisors of graduate students. There are presented the main indicators of the effectiveness of training in graduate school at the Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky.
 It is concluded that the specification and increasing requirements for the organization and implementation of postgraduate programs within an educational institution are the determining factor in terms of increasing the efficiency of training specialists in postgraduate studies and mastering postgraduate programs.