Abstract
Connecting an increasing number of distributed sources in MV (medium voltage) and LV (low voltage) distribution networks causes voltage problems resulting mainly from periodic power flows towards the HV/MV (HV—high voltage) transformer station. This temporarily changes the nature of distribution networks from receiving to supply networks and causes an increase in the voltage values deep within the network, often above the permissible level. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new voltage control methods that take into account the active participation of distributed sources. The article proposes a concept of such a system in which the control signals are transformer taps in the HV/LV station and the values of reactive powers generated or consumed by RES (renewable energy sources). These values can be determined either by solving the optimisation problem (according to a given quality indicator criterion) or on the basis of appropriately selected settings of the Q(U) characteristics of the inverters and the HV/LV transformer ratio. The article describes both approaches, pointing to the advantages and disadvantages of each of them.
Highlights
The article continues and extends the analysis of problems related to voltage control in MV networks, in which a large number of distributed sources have been installed
In the previously presented work [1], the authors showed that voltage control is possible, in which the HV/MV transformer with OLTC is actively involved, and sources connected to the MV grid
The introduction of reactive power of generating sources (RES) generation with no changes in the voltage control method
Summary
The article continues and extends the analysis of problems related to voltage control in MV networks, in which a large number of distributed sources have been installed. The variable power generation of these units due to weather conditions causes frequent changes of voltage values. In the previously presented work [1], the authors showed that voltage control is possible, in which the HV/MV transformer with OLTC (on load tap changer) is actively involved, and sources connected to the MV grid. These sources, depending on the voltage conditions (related to the variability of the power generation and voltage changes in the HV grid), can control the values of the generated (or consumed) reactive power on the basis of signals sent from the voltage controller
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