Abstract
Columnar sediment samples were collected from five representative river inflow areas of Dianchi Lake, China. The vertical distribution of each form of P were tested. Results showed that the concentration of TP in the sediments from areas A, B, C, D and E in the order of D > B > A > C > E, and the average concentration of D, B, A, C and E were 2991, 2064, 1308, 879, and 759 mg•kg−1, respectively. The concentration of Ex-P, Fe/Al-P, Ca-P and Org-P all decreased with increasing depth. The release of Ex-P was significantly related to TP whereas the Fe/Al-P was not significantly related to TP in the samples from areas polluted by domestic sewage. However, the release of Ex-P and Fe/Al-P were both significantly related to TP in the samples from areas polluted by phosphate mining and phosphate fertilizer application. The results of equilibrium P concentration (EPC0) analysis showed that P in the sediments of areas A, D and E were the source of P in Dianchi Lake, and the P in the sediments of areas B and C were in relative equilibrium with the overlying water.
Highlights
It is well known that Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important limiting factors for lake eutrophication, and sediments play an important role in the metabolism of lake nutrients, representing an important nutrient sink or source [1,2]
Sediment P is usually divided into different forms, including exchangeable P (Ex-P), P bounded to Al and Fe oxides (Fe/Al-P), P bounded to calcium (Ca-P), inorganic P (Inorg-P) and organic P (Org-P) [4,5,6,7]
The results indicate that the total P (TP) sequence in sediments decreased in the order D > B > A > C > E, with means of 2991, 2064, 1308, 879, and 759 mg·kg−1, respectively
Summary
It is well known that Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important limiting factors for lake eutrophication, and sediments play an important role in the metabolism of lake nutrients, representing an important nutrient sink or source [1,2]. The main sources of P in lakes include external loading and internal release [3]. Even though the external loading of P can be effectively controlled, the release of a large amount of P that has accumulated in the sediments will represent an important P source for the water body, and the eutrophic state in the lake will continue [1]. The total P (TP) content in the sediments reflects the eutrophic state of the lake to some extent, it is unable to predict the potential release risk and ecological hazard of P. The assessment of the risk of lake eutrophication requires determine the TP concentration in sediments, and determine the concentration of P forms, the distribution ratio and release characteristics of each form
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