Évaluation par des extractions sélectives de l'immobilisation du Cd après l'apport de matériaux inorganiques dans deux terres polluées

Abstract

Two soils, contaminated by sludge application or by smelter activities, have been amended with : lime (CaO), lime + Al-pillared smectites (CaO + Sm), phosphate basic slags (SCO), manganese oxide (HMO), iron oxide (HFO) and steel shot (GA). Four single soil extractions (water, 0.1 M Ca(NO 3) 2 0.05 M ED TA-NH 4 and acetic acid (0.43 M HAc)) and the two plant cultures (tobacco and ryegrass) were used to evaluate the effect of these inorganic additives on the mobility and plant-availability of cadmium in the soils. The Cd extracted by the different solutions was compared to the concentration of Cd in the shoots of ryegrass and tobacco. The effect of treatments on Cd mobility in soil was easily discriminated by the use of either water or Ca(NO 3) 2. The addition of HMO and GA reduced both the mobility and the phyto-availability of Cd in the two soils. Conversely, the alkaline additives and HFO decreased the Cd mobility, but not the Cd plant availability. Single soil extractions using either water or Ca(NO 3) 2 are a useful tool for estimating Cd immobilization, but not sufficient for assessing Cd plant availability ; a validation by plant tests must be conducted.