Abstract
To clarify the effects of microwaves on pregnancy, uterine or uteroplacental blood flow and endocrine and biochemical mediators, including corticosterone, estradiol, prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2), and prostaglandin F 2α (PGF 2α), were measured in rats exposed to continuous-wave (CW) microwave at 2 mW/cm 2 incident power density at 2450 MHz for 90 min. Colonic temperature in virgin and pregnant rats was not significantly altered by microwave treatment. Microwaves decreased uteroplacental blood flow and increased progesterone and PGF 2α in pregnant, but not in virgin rats. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of angiotensin II, a uteroplacental vasodilator, before microwave exposure prevented the reduction in uteroplacental blood flow and the increased progesterone and PGF 2α in pregnant rats. Increased corticosterone and decreased estradiol during microwave exposure were observed independent of pregnancy and pretreatment with angiotensin II. These results suggest that microwaves (CW, 2 mW/cm 2, 2450 MHz) produce uteroplacental circulatory disturbances and ovarian and placental dysfunction during pregnancy, probably through nonthermal actions. The uteroplacental disturbances appear to be due to actions of PGF 2α and may pose some risk for pregnancy.
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