Abstract
Uterine adenosarcoma is a rare malignancy. It is defined as a biphasic tumor composed of both sarcomatous stroma and benign epithelium. While the sarcomatous component usually is a low-grade homologous uterine sarcoma, the epithelium most often consists of endometrium-like cells. If the sarcomatous part occupies more than 25% of the tumor volume, the situation is referred to as sarcomatous overgrowth - accounting for about 10% of cases. While adenosarcoma usually may be considered a tumor of low malignant potential, the sarcomatous overgrowth most often presents as high-grade sarcoma and is associated with aggressive clinical behavior. Adenosarcomas stage I without sarcomatous overgrowth have a rather good prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival up to 80%. For treatment, complete surgical removal is advocated. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy are not defined. Recurrences should again be treated surgically, attempting to achieve complete tumor resection. While the optimum medical treatment for relapsed and metastasized adenosarcomas has yet to be found, chemotherapy and endocrine therapy are potential options.
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