Urban spatial temporal analysis and the urban heat island potential

Abstract

The rate of urbanization has in changes in the urban spatial development, including in the city of Kediri. This study aims to analyze the distribution of urban spatial development in Kediri Regency/City, 2) Analyze the factors the factors that influence the spatial development, and 3) Analyze the UHI phenomenon and its relationship with urban spatial development. This study used Landsat 5 (1996) and 8 (2016, 2021) OLI to analyze Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) and land surface temperature (LST). Ndbi and ndvi are used to determine the urban spatial development, meanwhile lst and ndvi are to analyse surface temperature. The analysis was conducted from 1996 to 2021. Urban spatial development in study area has a linear type along with the development of roads. Built-up land in the study area has increased rapidly in the last 5 years (2016 – 2021) by 83.8% compared to changes that occurred in 20 years (1996 – 2016). This is in line with the increase in urbanization, especially since the advent of the shopping centers. Temperature is increasing in line with the increase in built-up land. There is a potential UHI phenomenon in the study area as indicated by a significant temperature difference between urban and sub-urban. This makes it a challenge for urban spatial planning so that the study area remains a comfortable place to live.