Universities on the way to open science implementation: theoretical and practical context

Abstract

Problem setting. Despite certain progressive movements of universities towards open science, currently one of the problems that hinders progress is the achievement of balance, systematicity, and consolidation in taking measures that contribute to the openness of scientific researches, to ensuring wide access to scientific inventions, discoveries and developments, contribute to expanding the possibility of their use for the advancement of knowledge and real changes in the world, and also to stimulation of innovations. Purpose of the research. The experience and practices of implementing open science in universities become an illustration to note as soon as possible the extent of their impact on achieving a greater level of transparency, integrity, reliability, reproducibility and accessibility of research discoveries in order to make certain social impacts for the benefit of social progress. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The scientific and theoretical understanding of the trends in the development of open science, the evolution of information systems, and electronic archives that support the availability of research data and discoveries is reflected in the works of T. Yaroshenko, S. Nazarovets, A. Lyubchych, L. Luparenko, P. Gaitanou, I. Andreou, J. Leitao, D. Pereira and others. Article`s main body. The article examines the new roles and impacts of open science, open data, and open access on the modernization of the scientific research field in the context of global challenges and the digital transformation of universities. It has been proven that an essential characteristic of the changes taking place under the influence of the modification of means and systems for the implementation of the open science principles is the mandatory online presentation of research data, facts recorded in research materials, which helps not only to acquire, but also to overcome the gap in the knowledge of interested persons, ensures the transparency of scientific researches. in the difficult conditions of martial law, remote work, the importance of implementing a system approach when calculating the main indicators of scientific and scientific and technical activity in universities is increasing, in connection with this, a new “Regulatory framework of open science” and metrics for evaluating scientific researchers are being developed, taking into account the principles of open science. Such important aspects of open science as storage, management and sharing of industry research data must comply with the FAIR guidelines (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, Reusability) and be based on the development and application of modern technologies. This, in our opinion, will allow: better integration of data on scientific activity in electronic information systems (IS); to consolidate research datasets and make them accessible and compatible; to support their storage, legal multiple use for scientific purposes; to make easier the search for scientific information in systems and on the Internet. Thanks to technology and the intensification of the universities movement towards open science, scientific cooperation and information exchange is expanding, and that benefits science and society; scientific knowledge becomes more open, more accessible for use; the processes of creation, assessment and circulation of scientific knowledge are accelerated; everyone’s right to participate in scientific progress and its benefits is more fully realized. Conclusions and prospects for the development. It was made the conclusion about the importance of the formation and use of the entire complex of network resources and platforms, international and national practices of the open science implementation in universities as an action plan agenda in the construction of modern ecosystem of scientific research activities of higher education institutions and in the support of the national scientific infrastructure in ensuring the availability of Ukrainian research with their further integration into world science.