Abstract
Nanotechnology has become more and more potentially used in diagnosis or treatment of diseases. Advances in nanotechnology have led to new and improved nanomaterials in biomedical applications. Common nanomaterials applicable in biomedical applications include liposomes, polymeric micelles, graphene, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, ferroferric oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), and so on. Among them, Au NPs have been considered as the most interesting nanomaterial because of its unique optical, electronic, sensing and biochemical properties. Au NPs have been potentially applied for medical imaging, drug delivery, and tumor therapy in the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. This review focuses on some recent advances in the use of Au NPs as drug carriers for the intracellular delivery of therapeutics and as molecular nanoprobes for the detection and monitoring of target molecules.
Highlights
The application of nanotechnology as a new method for the diagnosis, monitoring, and cure of disease has garnered attention in the biomedical field [1]
Common nanomaterials used in biomedical applications include liposomes, polymeric micelles, graphene, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and so on
The results demonstrated that the composite particle could protect the DNA from enzymatic degradation and regulate DNA transcription of T7 RNA polymerase [23,24]
Summary
The application of nanotechnology as a new method for the diagnosis, monitoring, and cure of disease has garnered attention in the biomedical field [1]. Nanomaterials, with a size range from 1 to 1000 nm in diameter, exhibit several unique properties that differ greatly from those observed in fine particles or bulk materials They have potential for many biomedical applications, due to their large specific surface, high surface activity, strong antioxidant property, good biocompatibility, and suitableness for manipulations at the molecular level. Common nanomaterials used in biomedical applications include liposomes, polymeric micelles, graphene, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and so on Their use has been shown to significantly enhance therapeutic outcomes. Au NPs have distinct surface effect, ultra-small size, macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, and the presence of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bands [5] All of these particular properties have caused Au. NPs to become the most potential material for various biomedical applications, including biosensing, molecular imaging, drug carriers, and so on. Molecules 2017, 22, 1445 will narrowly focus on the latest research in which Au NPs have been applied for use in molecular imaging and drug carriers for disease therapy
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