Understandings Maghreb Traveler’s Notes and Writer’s Texts: Phantasmagorias of the Western Crusaders in the Muslim West during the fall of Alandalus Religious Tolerance History (500-1070)

Abstract

Ghiyath Al-Din Naqqshwho wrote, inPersian, a detailedaccount of his travel fromHerattoBeijingon a diplomatic mission in1420-1422. It became one of the most detailed accounts of China in thePersian and Turkish literature for the next century or two. In the 14thcentury we can trace Ibn Battuta (أبن بطوطه) (1304 –1368 or 1369),Moroccan world traveler in his Rihla(1355)– literally entitled "A Gift tothose Who Anticipate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels ofTraveling". We have also another example from the 13th century Yaqutal-Hamawi (اقوتيA الحم22 وى)(1179–1229) Mu'jam Al Buldan(نجومالبل22دان) (اطلس الدول) (Dictionary of Countries). From the 12th century, we find Abuad-Din al-Husain Muhammad ibn Ahmad Ibn Jubayr(1145– 1217) TheTravels of Ibn Jubayr((رحلات ابن الجابرى )1185(. The core interest of theessay is to underline how the Maghreb travelers contributed in theliterature of Journeys as great writers who traveled from Maghreb andlived in the Muslim Spain at that time.