Abstract
Johan Galtung's conflict theory provides a framework for understanding the Syrian Civil War. Galtung definesconflict as a triadic construct consisting of attitudes, behaviour, and contradictions. Attitudes andcontradictions reflect the latent, subconscious level of conflict, while behaviour is manifest and reflectsconscious actions when confronted with contradictions and hostile attitudes. Conflicts can start from any pointof the triangle and are categorised as direct or structural. Direct conflicts have manifest attitudes andcontradictions, while structural conflicts have latent attitudes and contradictions. Galtung also defines threetypes of violence: direct, structural, and cultural. Direct violence is quick and visible, whereas structuralviolence is slow and invisible, reflecting the injustice and inequality in societal institutions. The Syrian CivilWar can be analysed using Galtung's theory, considering the attitudes, behaviour, and contradictions of theparties involved, as well as the direct and structural violence present in the conflict. Understanding theseelements is crucial for developing strategies for peaceful resolution and transformation of the conflict.
Published Version
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