Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kemangi Hutan (Ocimum sanctum) Terhadap Kematian Larva Instar III Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a health problem, especially in countries that have tropical climates, including Indonesia. Eradication for Aedes aegypti as a vector of dengue disease can be did to the larvae by larviciding. One of the larviciding can be made by forest basil (Ocimum sanctum). This study aims to determine the most effective concentration of extract that kills the larvae in the third instar Aedes aegypti, knowing the value of LC50 and LC90, and then knowing the value of LT50 and LT90 of forest basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum). Research is using a completely randomized design with factorial, and the first factor is forest basil leaf extract with 5 level concentrations, there are 0,3%, 0,6%, 0,9%, 1,2%, 1,5%, and 0% as control, whereas the second factor is observation period that began after the death of the larvae. Observations were made up to 4320 minutes. The results showed that the influence of forest basil leaf extract against third instar larvae mortality of Aedes aegypti, and the most effective concentration of extract to kill the larvae was 1,5%. LC50 values of this study was 0,97%, and for the LC90 value was 1,42%. Value of LT50 and LT90 of this study is 342,31 and 1021,22 minutes. The conclusion of this study is basil leaf extract forest affect mortality third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, and the most effective concentration of extract was 1,5%. Keywords: Forest basil (Ocimum sanctum), larvicides, larvae of Aedes aegypti