Abstract
Seed management carried out by The State Forests National Forest Holding is an integral part of rational forest management. Seed collection takes place mainly from stands belonging to first category of forest reproductive material, which is the largest seed base in Poland. In smaller amount, seeds are collected in selective objects of highest forest reproductive material category (selected seed stands, seed orchards). The previous estimation methods of seed crop were based on visual assessment of cones in the stands for their harvest. Following the rules of FRM transfer is additional difficulty of rational seed management which limits the possibility of the use of planting material in Poland. <br><br> Statements concerning forecast of seed crop and monitoring of seed quality is based on annual reports from the State Forest Service. Forest Research Institute is responsible for preparing and publishing above-mentioned statements. A small extent of its automatization and optimization is a large disadvantage of this procedure. In order to make this process more effective web-based GIS application was designed. Its main performance will give a possibility to upload present-day information on seed efficiency, their spatial pattern and availability. Currently this system is under preparation. <br><br> As a result, the project team will get a possibility to increase participation of seed material collected from selected seed base and to share good practices on this issue in more efficient way. In the future this will make it possible to obtain greater genetic gain of selection strategy. <br><br> Additionally, first results presented in literature showed possible use of unmanned aerial system/vehicle (UAS/V) for supporting of seed crop forecast procedure.
Highlights
1.1 Seed management in PolandSeed management run by foresters in Poland is based on visual estimation of seed crop and the current demand for seeds from the plan of forest renewal (Directive, 2011)
In questionnaires submitted from 2005 by the Internet, forest inspectorates provide the following information on seed crop of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies), Silver fir (Abies alba), Larch sp. (Larix), Oaks (from 2008 separately for pedunculate (Quercus robur) and sessile (Quercus petreae) oaks and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) in production seed stands and selected seed stands (Program, 2011): verified information about seed crop magnitude in previous year, weight of cones/seed collected in previous year
Forest inspectorates provide forecast for expected magnitude of seed crop in current year based on immature cones and fruit, expected collection of cones/seed in current year, requirements for previous year and summary area of seed stands, seed orchards and seedling seed orchards
Summary
1.1 Seed management in PolandSeed management run by foresters in Poland is based on visual estimation of seed crop and the current demand for seeds from the plan of forest renewal (Directive, 2011). The calculations assume the average productivity of seeds from cones for pine 1.5; spruce - 2.5; larch - 5.0; fir - 14.0; Douglas fir - 2.0; black pine 3.0; black alder - 10.0; wild cherry - 15.0 and black locust - 25.0%. On this information, FRI develops collective report, which presents the projected seed crop for all the major forest species as well as its intensity. Data provided in the report allow the identification of areas of the country where seed deficit of the selected species is expected On this basis, decisions on joining the collection or use seed stocks warehoused in storages or regional gene banks are made. This important legal regulation from the point of view of conservation of genetic resources appears to be a major barrier in obtaining seeds, from outside of the maternal seed region
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