Abstract
A persistent spin helix with equal strength of the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is expected for future spintronic devices due to the suppression of spin relaxation. In this work we investigate the optical tuning of the Rashba and Dresselhaus SOC by monitoring the spin-galvanic effect (SGE) in a GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As two dimensional electron gas. An extra control light above the bandgap of the barrier is introduced to tune the SGE excited by a circularly polarized light below the bandgap of GaAs. We observe different tunability of the Rashba- and Dresselhaus-related SGE currents and extract the ratio of the Rashba and Dresselhaus coefficients. It decreases monotonously with the power of the control light and reaches a particular value of ∼-1, implying the formation of the inverse persistent spin helix state. By analyzing the optical tuning process phenomenologically and microscopically, we reveal greater optical tunability of the Rashba SOC than that of the Dresselhaus SOC.
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