Abstract
CdS thin films have continued to receive scientific and technological attention due to their potential applications in efficient solar energy conversion and utilization in device fabrication. In this research, CdS thin films were deposited on indium doped tin oxide (ITO) substrates of dimension 2.3 by 2.4 cm2. Three different aqueous bath solutions of CdS were formed by increasing the concentration of cadmium acetate as a source of cadmium while the concentration of ammonium chloride and thiourea as a source of sulfur remained constant in the reaction bath as against the usual convention to ascertain the strength of the constituents in the reaction. The energy band gap of the films decreases with increase in the concentration of cadmium as a constituent of the bath while the films optical transmittance was found to increase with increase in concentration. This indicates that the energy band gap of the films can be predetermined by the choice of the constituent of the concentration in the chemical bath deposition technique (CBD). The increase in the transmittance for both as deposited and annealed CdS confirms the suitability of the films as window layer device, solar cell and optoelectronic applications.
Highlights
The realization of interesting properties of group II, III, V and VI semiconductors such as wide band gap, high absorption coefficient, high chemical stability etc., have been attributed to the chemical solution-based synthesis route being a low cost and environmentally friendly fabrication techniques [1,2,3, 5]
Tremendous improvement has been made on cadmium telluride (CdTe) based solar cell when Cadmium sulfide (CdS) is used as a window layer [18]
The EDX study revealed the presence of Cadmium (Cd), Sulfur (S) and indium (In) respectively
Summary
The realization of interesting properties of group II, III, V and VI semiconductors such as wide band gap, high absorption coefficient, high chemical stability etc., have been attributed to the chemical solution-based synthesis route being a low cost and environmentally friendly fabrication techniques [1,2,3, 5]. Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) has received considerable attention due to its capability of adjusting and re-engineering semiconductor materials properties [10, 11]. Chemical bath deposition was employed in the growth of Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin film. CdS has gained a worldwide prominence due to its optical properties such as wide energy band gap (2.45 eV), high transmission, good absorption coefficient [12] etc. It has received tremendous attention because of its potential applications in efficient energy conversion from sunlight to electric energy [13, 14]. Tremendous improvement has been made on cadmium telluride (CdTe) based solar cell when CdS is used as a window layer [18]
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