Abstract
In recent years development of different type of industries are enlarged and these industries are connected with the discarding of organic pollutants which are harmful to aquatic system and the human health. The presence of those organic pollutants in the aquatic system can result in pollution of wastewater which affects the ecosystem. Therefore, the removals of pollutants have become an ecological concern and they are vital for the environmental sustainability. Many practices have been widely applied in the treatment of organic effluent such as biological treatment, reverse osmosis, ozonation, filtration, adsorption on solid phases, incineration, and coagulation. However, each of the methodologies has its own advantages and limitations. The recent research demonstrates that advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on photocatalysts are valuable and this method benefits complete mineralization of organic molecules into nontoxic CO2 and H2O at the atmospheric conditions by generating active species such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH) which can remove even non-biodegradable organic compounds from wastewater. These review papers give an overview of the enhanced photocatalytic activities of titanium dioxide (TiO2) based photocatalyst. An effort has also been made to give an overview of expedient photocatalytic activity of these supported nanoparticles for their potential application in environmental remediation. In this review article also, various methods used to enhance the photocatalytic characteristics of TiO2 including doping, coupling and other supporting are discussed. It is observed that the degradation of dyes depends on several parameters like pH, catalyst load, dye concentration, reaction temperature and scavengers on the degradation of dyes.
Highlights
During the past several decades, fast and relatively uncontrolled population growth and industrial, agricultural and technological developments have adversely affected the environment and human health
Under UV light irradiation, the photogenerated holes in the valence band (VB) of TiO2 can transfer directly to the HOMO of PANI. This becomes possible because the energy level of HOMO in PANI is between VB and conduction band (CB) of Titania and the VB of TiO2 matches well with HOMO of PANI
The metal nanoparticles on the surface of TiO2 will act as an electron reservoir to trap electrons which can greatly increase the efficiency of charge separation, resulting in the improvement of TiO2 photocatalytic activity
Summary
During the past several decades, fast and relatively uncontrolled population growth and industrial, agricultural and technological developments have adversely affected the environment and human health. For the removal of dye pollutants, traditional physical techniques (adsorption on activated carbon, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, coagulation by chemical agents, ion exchange on synthetic adsorbent resins, etc.) can generally be used efficiently. They are nondestructive, since they just transfer organic compound from water to another phase, causing secondary pollution. The most important among those advanced oxidation processes is called heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation which is often referred to as photocatalysis This method deals with the oxidation mostly of organic molecules and compounds by means of solid metal oxide semiconductor as catalyst, which is activated by the incidence of radiation of an appropriate wavelength. Typical CPs includes polyacetylene (PA), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polythiophene (PT), polyfuran (PF), etc
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