Tumour formation in multiple intestinal neoplasia (ApcMin/+) mice fed with filtered or unfiltered coffee

Seija I Oikarinen,Iris Erlund,Marja Mutanen

doi:10.1080/17482970701757119

Seija I Oikarinen, Iris Erlund + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1080/17482970701757119

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Abstract

BackgroundThe aetiology of colorectal cancer has strong dietary links, and there may be an association between coffee and colorectal cancer risk.ObjectiveTo study the effects of filtered (low levels of kahweol/cafestol) and unfiltered (high levels of kahweol/cafestol) coffee on tumour formation in multiple intestinal neoplasia (Apc Min/+) mice.Design Apc Min/+ mice (n=11 per group) were fed for 9 weeks with 10% w/w of these two types of coffee. Coffee was served as a dietary ingredient mixed with a semi-synthetic AIN-93G-based diet. Plasma levels of caffeine and paraxanthine were used as compliance markers. At the end of the feeding period intestinal tumour number and size were determined. The levels of β-catenin and cyclin D1, two cell-signalling proteins important to the progression of neoplasia, were also analysed in the tumour tissue.ResultsPlasma caffeine and paraxanthine concentrations were 3.2±1.4 and 1.7±0.4 µmol l−1 in the filtered coffee group and 3.6±2.3 and 1.6±0.6 µmol l−1 in the unfiltered coffee group. The level of plasma xanthines was below detection in the control group. The total number of tumours was equal between the dietary groups: 29 for the control, 30 (p =0.767) for the filtered coffee and 29 (p=0.430) for the unfiltered coffee groups. The levels of β-catenin and cyclin D1 in the nuclear fraction of the tumour tissue were also the same between the groups.ConclusionsFiltered or unfiltered coffee (10% w/w) does not exert antitumorigenic activity in Apc Min/+ mice or change β-catenin and cyclin D1 signalling in the adenoma tissues. The results suggest that coffee does not change neoplasia progression in this animal model.

Highlights

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide [1]
Weight gain of the ApcMin/' mice The mice grew well during the feeding period and the weight gain and the final body weights of the ApcMin/' mice did not differ between the groups (Fig. 1)
Consumption of a coffee-free diet, or filtered or unfiltered coffee (10% w/w) for 9 weeks had a similar effect on tumour formation in ApcMin/' mice

Summary

Introduction

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide [1]. It occurs mainly sporadically and environmental factors, including diet, are strongly implicated in its aetiology [2]. The pooled results of 12 caseÁcontrol studies showed a significant 28% reduction in CRC risk for a high versus low category of coffee consumption [pooled relative risk (RR)00.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61Á0.84] [3]. A meta-analysis, including five cohort and the above-mentioned 12 caseÁ control studies, reported a significant pooled relative risk of 0.76 (95% CI 0.66Á0.89) for a high versus low category of coffee consumption. Objective: To study the effects of filtered (low levels of kahweol/cafestol) and unfiltered (high levels of kahweol/cafestol) coffee on tumour formation in multiple intestinal neoplasia (ApcMin/') mice. Conclusions: Filtered or unfiltered coffee (10% w/w) does not exert antitumorigenic activity in ApcMin/' mice or change b-catenin and cyclin D1 signalling in the adenoma tissues. The results suggest that coffee does not change neoplasia progression in this animal model

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