Abstract
Female Genital Tract Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, being usually secondary to tuberculosis of the lungs. In Female Genital Tract Tuberculosis, fallopian tubes are affected in 90 percent woman, whereas uterine endometrium is affected in 70 percent and ovaries in about 20 percent. HIV induced immunosuppresion paves the way for several infections, tuberculosis being very common. This is a case of genital tuberculosis which was diagnosed after hysterectomy by histopathological examination in HIV patient. To describe an uncommon case of female genital tract tuberculosis diagnosed by histopathology. Total abdominal hysterectomy specimen was received. Brief clinical history was taken and clinical examination was done. Histopathological examination of hematoxylin & eosin stained sections was done. AFB staining was done to look for bacilli. Sections studied from endometrium and cervix revealed granulomas comprised of epithelioid cells, langhan’s type of giant cells. Testing for Tuberculosis & HIV should be undertaken because these are the infections which can affect any organ in the body. In patients with extra pulmonary tuberculosis, early institution of therapy & close clinical monitoring are keys to timely diagnosis and treatment of such co-infections. Keywords: Tuberculosis, HIV, Female genital tract
Highlights
Female genital tract tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis being usually secondary to tuberculosis of lung
Female genital tract tuberculosis was first reported by Morgagni in 1744 on autopsy of young women who died of tubercular peritonitis (1). 27.1 percent cases show extra pulmonary tuberculosis out of which 9 percent cases are positive for genital tuberculosis (1)
Macrophage function is abnormal because of direct infection & lack of macrophage activation factors produced by CD4 T cells facilitating rapid progression of tuberculosis (2)
Summary
Female genital tract tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis being usually secondary to tuberculosis of lung. Female genital tract tuberculosis was first reported by Morgagni in 1744 on autopsy of young women who died of tubercular peritonitis (1). 27.1 percent cases show extra pulmonary tuberculosis out of which 9 percent cases are positive for genital tuberculosis (1). HIV is immunodeficiency virus which targets CD4 T cells resulting in their depletion & dysfunction. Macrophage function is abnormal because of direct infection & lack of macrophage activation factors produced by CD4 T cells facilitating rapid progression of tuberculosis (2). Fathima et al / International Journal of Preclinical & Clinical Research 2021;2(4):[96–98]
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