Abstract
Aim: To determine frequency of female genital tract (FGT) tuberculosis (TB) in the gynecological biopsies received in the Department of pathology of a peripheral medical college. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology of Burdwan Medical College & Hospital. Histopathological records of two year (2008-2010) were retrieved and searched for the cases of female genital tract TB. Relevant histopathological findings and clinical data were recorded and analyzed. Results: There were 1537 cases of gynecological biopsy and 9 cases were diagnosed as FGT tuberculosis based on histopathological and clinical findings. Ovarian benign cystic teratoma was seen in one case along with ipsilateral tuberculous salpingitis, one case showed B/L ovarian tuberculosis with involvement of both the tubes. Bilateral fallopian tubes were involved in 2 cases and endometrial tuberculosis was diagnosed in 5 cases with 1 case showing simultaneous involvement of the cervix. In one case omental biopsy received along with tubal specimen showed tuberculous granulomas. Conclusion: FGT tuberculosis was usually seen in age 16-28 years and constituted 0.59% of total gynecological cases. Fallopian tubes, ovaries and endometrium and cervix were affected with the involvement of peritoneum or omentum, commonest being tuberculous endometritis. Histopathology, in association with clinical findings still remains gold standard for the diagnosis of FGT tuberculosis in our country despite advancement in diagnostic modalities; however, incidental histological detection in clinically unanticipated cases is not an uncommon event. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i3.11719 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 11 No. 03 July12
Highlights
Despite the effective diagnostic and therapeutic measures available, tuberculosis (TB) continues to prevail in developing countries
Total number of histopathological cases received in two year period was 5743 and out of that 1537 cases (26.76%) represented gynecological cases sent from Department of G & O, BMCH. 9 cases of female genital tract tuberculosis were diagnosed histopathologically based on clinical and histological findings (Table I)
Frequency of different sites of female genital tract involved by TB is shown in figure I
Summary
Despite the effective diagnostic and therapeutic measures available, tuberculosis (TB) continues to prevail in developing countries. A report of the World Health Organization shows that there are at present, 20 million tuberculosis patients in the world, of whom approximately three-quarters, that is. The number of deaths resulting from this disease is about 3 million per year. At the same time the annual incidence rate of new tuberculosis cases is 2 million. Despite the fact that the methods of treatment are very well known, only one million patients are successfully treated each year. Tuberculosis remains a major health problem in many developing countries including India and in these countries genital tuberculosis is responsible for a significant proportion of women presenting with infertility
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