Triglyceride Glucose Index in the Prediction of Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Coronary Artery Diseases

Abstract

Background: The triglyceride-glucose index offers a novel perspective as an alternative indicator of insulin resistance and anticipates increased long-term cardiovascular risks. Elevated TyG index values have been correlated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of sciences and Google scholar were searched for “Triglyceride glucose index AND cardiovascular outcome” studies. Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with cardiovascular outcome at in-hospital or on follow up reported through hazard ratio (HR) analysis were considered for systemic review. Twenty studies were chosen to examine the correlation between cardiovascular outcomes and TyG index in patients admitted for coronary disease. Results: Twenty observational studies involving 1,52,846 patients were included in the present systemic review. Included studies reported relation between TyG index and Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) through Hazard ratio analysis and found significant hazard ratio of TyG index (conditional/continuous) ranged from (HR= 1.06 to 12.92) for MACE after adjusting confounders. In hospital MACE analysis study involving 4839 participants, the HR = 1.83 (1.27, 2.64) for TyG ≥9.37 quartiles and HR = 1.23 (1.10, 1.38) for TyG index continuous value. Included studies showed significant association between higher value of TyG index and cardiovascular outcomes. Conclusion: Emerging evidence indicates a potential link between the TyG and cardiovascular events. Though further research is needed to solidify this associations, the TyG index holds promise as a simple and accessible tool for identifying individuals at risk of cardiovascular complications.