Trial data of the anti-obesity potential of a high resistant starch diet for canines using Dodamssal rice and the identification of discriminating markers in feces for metabolic profiling.

Abstract

Dodamssal rice (Oryza sativa L.) includes high levels of resistant starch (RS), which is a source of dietary fiber. Recently, there has been an increase in the prevalence of obesity in canines; however, the information regarding diet treatments for such a condition is inadequate. Targeted metabolic profiles in canine feces were performed to identify potential biomarkers of RS and demonstrate the effect and potential use of Dodamssal rice as an anti-obesity treatment. Study canines were divided into three groups and fed either a regular diet, high-fat diet (HFD), or high-fat diet with Dodamssal rice (DoHFD). Fecal metabolites were analyzed using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry and a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Multivariate analyses were used to analyze and visualize the obtained data. A total of 52 metabolites were detected in the canine feces. In addition, HFD group feces contained a significantly low level of C12:0. The DoHFD group feces had higher levels of 4-aminobutyric acid, glucose, and 3-hydroxybutyric acid compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). For the first time, targeted metabolic profiling in the canine feces in response to three diets was performed. This metabolic profiling approach should be a useful tool to detect discriminating markers as well as assess the effect of diet compositions for anti-obesity treatment of canines. Furthermore, Dodamssal rice may possibly be used not only for canines, but also to treat obesity in other animals and humans.