TRENDS IN PREPARING YOUTH FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN THE HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The relevance of the research is determined by: the importance of developing entrepreneurial traits and qualities in students of domestic professional education, the effectiveness of which is proven by the dynamic development of the economies of leading European countries; the necessity to overcome post-Soviet approaches in shaping the content of professional education, seeking new methods to develop market thinking, preparing future specialists for entrepreneurial activity and fostering individual initiative; the need for modernizing contemporary Ukrainian professional (vocational-technical) education, creating conditions in professional education institutions for shaping a self-reliant, skilled worker capable of self-employment in a wartime labor market and ready for post-war reconstruction tasks in Ukraine. Purpose: to identify trends in preparing youth for entrepreneurial activity at different stages of the development of professional education in Ukraine. Methods: theoretical analysis of official, scientific, archival sources, and internet resources - to determine the state of research on the problem and identify trends in preparing youth for entrepreneurship at different stages of the development of professional education in Ukraine; the comparison method - to contrast historical models of professional education and identify their characteristics in preparing youth for entrepreneurial activity; analysis and synthesis methods - to study the evolution of forms and methods of developing entrepreneurial qualities in youth; generalization and forecasting - to implement the identified positive experience in preparing current professional education students for entrepreneurial activity in wartime and post-war reconstruction in Ukraine. Results: based on the theoretical analysis of the source base, the state of research on the problem in historical perspective was studied; based on comparing historical models of professional education development in Ukraine, trends in preparing youth for entrepreneurial activity at different stages were identified; based on studying the evolution of preparing youth for entrepreneurship, the transformation of forms and methods of developing entrepreneurial qualities in future specialists at different stages of professional education development in Ukraine was shown; based on the analysis of positive and negative past experiences, the main directions for improving professional training of youth for entrepreneurship in wartime and post-war reconstruction in Ukraine were outlined. Conclusions: the domestic source base contains numerous materials on preparing youth for entrepreneurship (archival materials from Ukrainian educational institutions operating at different historical times; laws of Ukraine and other official documents; scientific publications on the history and methodology of professional education, documents of contemporary internet resources on promoting entrepreneurial initiative, etc.), but requires more thorough historiographical research; main trends in preparing youth for entrepreneurial activity in educational institutions of Tsarist Russia (certain elements of developing business and entrepreneurial skills were traced in the system of professional education), the Ukrainian SSR (complete denial of the development of individual initiative and formation of entrepreneurial activity skills, absence of elements of developing entrepreneurial competence in the educational process and educational work of vocational-technical education institutions), and Independent Ukraine (deliberate formation of entrepreneurial competence gains strategic importance for the country's development) were identified; forms and methods of developing entrepreneurial qualities in future specialists in the Tsarist Russian model of professional education (educational programs focused on mastering economic concepts that formed the basis of future entrepreneurial activity; individual subjects aimed at developing entrepreneurial skills in graduates for future entrepreneurial activity), Soviet (issues of market economy, entrepreneurship, management were not reflected in the content of professional education; primary focus was on vocational training of workers for state enterprises) and Independent Ukraine (introduction of courses and programs on the basics of market economy and entrepreneurship; conducting practice-oriented events; maximizing approximation to the conditions of a real enterprise) were characterized; recommendations for improving the professional training of youth for entrepreneurship in wartime and post-war reconstruction in Ukraine (introduction of relevant courses; implementation of practical business projects; organization of business incubators in professional education institutions) were formulated.