TRANSLATION TRANSFORMATIONS IN GERMAN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TEXTS ON MODIFICATIONS OF THE MAIN BATTLE TANK OF THE ARMED FORCES OF GERMANY LEOPARD 1 AND LEOPARD 2A7+

Abstract

The article analyzes the translation techniques used in the translation of scientific and technical texts of military subjects. Lexical-semantic and syntactic translation transformations have been identified and characterized. In the context of the study, an analysis of German-language scientific and technical texts on modifications of the main battle tank of the German Armed Forces, Leopard 1 and Leopard 2A7 + has been carried out. It is noted that when translating military texts, the target text should be as close as possible to the original and convey the lexical meaning of the word as accurately as possible, in turn, the translator should have not only a terminological minimum, but also background knowledge. Transformations that help to preserve the features of the author’s style with the appropriate reproduction of the content have been considered. These methods, according to the international classification, cover: 1) transliteration and transcription, tracing and selection of various variants for replacement; 2) detalization and generalization; 3) the introduction of new words or omission of old concepts; 4) integral-situational transformation (replacement). Most translation methods are aimed at lexical-semantic transformations. The use of these methods is intended to provide in a certain context a greater degree of adequacy of translation. This is how it is possible to approximate the norms of compatibility and avoid foreign words and word combinations. It is noted that an effective translation tool is a combination of several translation techniques, among which there are morphological-categorical replacement, selection of Ukrainian equivalents and syntactic transformations.