Abstract
Porphyra-334 is a kind of mycosporine-like amino acid absorbing ultraviolet-A. Here, we characterized porphyra-334 as a potential antiaging agent. An in vitro assay revealed that porphyra-334 dramatically promoted collagen synthesis in fibroblast cells. The effect of porphyra-334 on cell proliferation was dependent on the cell type, and the increase of cell viability by porphyra-334 was the highest in keratinocyte cells among the three tested cell types. An in vivo clinical test with 22 participants demonstrated the possible role of porphyra-334 in the improvement of periorbital wrinkles. RNA-sequencing using human follicle dermal papilla (HFDP) cells upon porphyra-334 treatment identified the upregulation of metallothionein- (MT-) associated genes, confirming the antioxidant role of porphyra-334 with MT. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in nuclear chromosome segregation and the encoding of components of kinetochores was upregulated by porphyra-334 treatment. Furthermore, we found that several genes associated with the hair follicle cycle, the hair follicle structure, the epidermal structure, and stem cells were upregulated by porphyra-334 treatment, suggesting the potential role of porphyra-334 in hair follicle growth and maintenance. In summary, we provided several new pieces of evidence of porphyra-334 as a potential antiaging cosmetic agent and elucidated the expression network in HFDP cells upon porphyra-334.
Highlights
Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are small secondary metabolites that were first identified from fungi showing ultraviolet- (UV-) induced sporulation [1]
We examined the effect of porphyra extract derived from Porphyra yezoensis and porphyra-334 on the cell viability and proliferation of Detroit 551 cells derived from human skin fibroblast cells
A previous study reported that cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) is upregulated in HDPC cells in response to platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which is plasma enriched with a higher proportion of platelets [49]. us, our results indicate that the overexpression of BIRC5 and CDK1 in human follicle dermal papilla (HFDP) cells by porphyra-334 might be associated with the promotion of hair follicle growth
Summary
Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are small secondary metabolites that were first identified from fungi showing ultraviolet- (UV-) induced sporulation [1]. MAAs are commonly identified from a wide range of freshwater and marine organisms, such as cyanobacteria, marine algae, and seaweed [2, 3]. MAAs have been identified from 572 species of marine macroalgae [4]. Some marine vertebrates and invertebrates, such as medaka fish, Antarctic krill, and scallops, acquire MAAs from dietary marine algae [5,6,7]. MAAs are low-molecular-weight (generally less than 400 Da) and water-soluble molecules that can absorb UV radiation (UVR). MAAs consist of a cyclohexenimine ring conjugated with two amino acid substituents [8]
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