Abstract
Human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) located in hair follicles (HFs) play a pivotal role in hair follicle morphogenesis, hair cycling, and hair growth. Over the past few decades, probiotic bacteria (PB) have been reported to have beneficial effects such as improved skin health, anti-obesity, and immuno-modulation for conditions including atopic dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PB can secrete 50~150 nm sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing microbial DNA, miRNA, proteins, lipids, and cell wall components. These EVs can regulate communication between bacteria or between bacteria and their host. Although numerous biological effects of PB-EVs have been reported, the physiological roles of Leuconostoc holzapfelii (hs-Lh), which is isolated from human scalp tissue, and the extracellular vesicles derived from them (hs-LhEVs) are largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the effects of hs-LhEVs on hair growth in HFDPCs. We show that hs-LhEVs increase cell proliferation, migration, and regulate the cell cycle. Furthermore, hs-LhEVs were found to modulate the mRNA expression of hair-growth-related genes in vitro. These data demonstrate that hs-LhEVs can reduce apoptosis by modulating the cell cycle and promote hair growth by regulation via the Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathway.
Highlights
Accepted: 25 January 2022Human hair affects external appearance and protects the head and maintains head temperature [1]
The particle size and distribution of isolated probiotic bacteria (PB)-extracellular vesicles (EVs) were determined with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA)
For the morphological analyses of purified hs-LhEVs, EVs were measured using Cryo-transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with negative staining, and the results showed that they had a spherical membrane structure and a lipid bilayer (Figure 2D)
Summary
Accepted: 25 January 2022Human hair affects external appearance and protects the head and maintains head temperature [1]. Hair loss can occur as a result of several changes such as seasons, fatigue, stress, hormone imbalances, drugs, pollution, and aging [2]. Hair loss treatments include cosmetic products, surgical operation (such as hair follicle transplantation), and oral or topical medications such as finasteride (a 5α-reductase inhibitor) and minoxidil (which was developed as a hypertension treatment) [12]. Blue light treatments have been proposed as additional methods for hair loss treatment [13]. These two representative drugs have short-term effects that degrade when treatment is Published: 10 February 2022
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