Abstract
The Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the fastest growing Internet of Things (IoT) access protocols. It operates in the license free 868 MHz band and gives everyone the possibility to create their own small sensor networks. The drawback of this technology is often unscheduled or random channel access, which leads to message collisions and potential data loss. For that reason, recent literature studies alternative approaches for LoRaWAN channel access. In this work, state-of-the-art random channel access is compared with alternative approaches from the literature by means of collision probability. Furthermore, a time scheduled channel access methodology is presented to completely avoid collisions in LoRaWAN. For this approach, an exhaustive simulation study was conducted and the performance was evaluated with random access cross-traffic. In a general theoretical analysis the limits of the time scheduled approach are discussed to comply with duty cycle regulations in LoRaWAN.
Highlights
The introduction of smart solutions in most applications of the everyday life is one of the fastest growing and most dynamic technology trends nowadays
A different approach is possible with the so-called Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) with Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWANs) as one of the most prominent representatives
The continuous adoption of LPWAN technologies in current sensor networks requires solutions to improve transmission quality. This is especially relevant in LoRaWAN as one of the most prominent LPWAN technology since the current use of random channel access suffers from message collisions and loss
Summary
The introduction of smart solutions in most applications of the everyday life is one of the fastest growing and most dynamic technology trends nowadays. A different approach is possible with the so-called Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) with Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWANs) as one of the most prominent representatives. LoRaWANs promise economically priced infrastructure, long battery life times for devices, and large transmission distances at the cost of low data rates and a less reliable transmission. Despite these drawbacks, the popularity of LPWANs increased in recent years. It is important to improve the reliability as the major drawback of the technology to foster deployment. Important technical information to understand LoRa messages and the transmission with LoRa in LoRaWAN is given. Explanation symbol duration ToA for re-synchronization message clock drift limit before re-synchronization slot length re-synchronization probability per message duty cycle possible transmission radius around gateway transmission end time-stamp
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