Tolerance to irrigation water salinity in physalis plants: productive aspects

Marília Hortência Batista Da Silva Rodrigues,Kilson Pinheiro Lopes,Francisco Jean Da Silva Paiva,Odair Honorato De Oliveira,Joseano Graciliano Da Silva

doi:10.14393/bj-v36n0a2020-53580

Abstract

The cultivation of non-traditional fruits has gained ground in the horticulture sector, but which, in certain situations, are plants that require previous studies related to soil adaptability, climate, and irrigation water quality. In this sense, this work aimed to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity on Physalis peruviana L. (fisális) plants in the different growth phases. The experimental area was installed on the premises of the Federal University of Campina Grande, adopting a casualized block design, with four saline levels of irrigation water (0.3; 1.2; 2.1 and 3.0 dS m-1) and five repetitions per treatment. The variables analyzed were: stem diameter, plant height and number of leaves every 15 days, leaf area at 55 days after transplanting, number of side branches, number of flower buds, number of flowers, average fruit weight, polar diameter, and equatorial diameter of fruits, number of fruits per plant and productivity. According to the results, the plants were tolerant to saline levels of irrigation water of up to 3.0 dS m-1, without prejudice to the phenological and productive characteristics of the crop. The unitary increase in the salinity of the irrigation water did not result in damage to the physiological characteristics of the plants until the 60 days of transplanting.

Highlights

Fisális (Physalis peruviana L., Solanaceae), known as camapú or juá-de-capote, can grow up to 1.5 m in height, is allogamous, mainly propagated by seeds, and asexual (LOPEZ ACOSTA et al, 2008; FISCHER; ALMANZAMERCHÁN; MIRANDA, 2014; TANAN, 2015)
The climatic phenomena that were observed during the study period corresponded to lower averages than what usually occurs in the region, as described by Silva et al (2011) when mentioning values of up to 63 rainy days each year in the state of Paraíba and average precipitation of 129 mm between the months of February to May, characterizing, the passage through atypical climatic periods in the region
Physalis peruviana L. fulfills its production cycle in approximately 115 days after transplantation (DAT), with the vegetative phase comprising a period of 32 DAT and, from on, the reproductive phase, which extended to 120 DAT

Summary

Introduction

Fisális (Physalis peruviana L., Solanaceae), known as camapú or juá-de-capote, can grow up to 1.5 m in height, is allogamous, mainly propagated by seeds, and asexual (LOPEZ ACOSTA et al, 2008; FISCHER; ALMANZAMERCHÁN; MIRANDA, 2014; TANAN, 2015). Originating in the Andes region, in Bolivia, where approximately 50% of its production is exported It sells throughout South America and Spain, which bought a large part of the production of fisális (PUENTE et al, 2011). As described by Ramírez et al (2013), fisális has an indeterminate growth habit, similar to peppers. This is because, during the development of the meristem, new branches and lateral shoots appear, the leaves are heart-shaped and, the first flower buds appear at 70 to 80 days after germination, and the anthesis can last around 20 days, from there, two other branches grow forming a bifurcation. The complete maturation of fisális fruits usually occurs after 100 days of cultivation, when the seeds are already fully developed, with physiological, biochemical, and structural changes that may indicate the ideal point of maturation (BARROSO, 2015)

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